This repository is a mirror!

This file describes the changes in every new release version of Fresh IDE
The date format: DD.MM.YYYY

This file contains only a brief notes about changes from version to version and only for the official releases.
As long as the file is created by hand, some information (even important) can be missed or not accurate.

For very detailed and accurate information about the changes, see the timeline in the source code repository:

https://fresh.flatassembler.net/fossil/repo/fresh/timeline


version 2.6.2 (30.12.2017)

The main goal of this release is to fix a bug, causing crash in Windows 10. But as an addition, other updates are provided as well.

    [-] Fixed a crash on SaveAs dialog, in Windows 10
    [-] The CSS for the help files are now in external file, making the help styling easier.
    [+] FASM compiler has been updated up to version 1.73.02
    [+] FASM reference manual has been updated as well.

version 2.6.1 (29.10.2017)

Quick bugfix release.

    [-] Fixed the broken form for "Labels explorer".
    [-] Fixed missing file from the binary distribution.

    [+] Wide use of PNG images for all icons that make the icons better quality and the size of the executable smaller.
    [-] Bugfixes.

version 2.5.1 (19.12.2016)

    [+] Removed the dependency on google for the web search. Now the web
        search engine is user selectable. The default is duckduckgo.com
    [+] FASM compiler has been updated to v1.71.58
    [+] Added an example for using FreshLib for simple graphics drawing.
    [-] Fixed regression in "Goto interface" funtion.

version 2.5.0 (16.10.2016)

    For detailed description of the changes, read the timeline in the source code repository:
    https://fresh.flatassembler.net/fossil/repo/fresh

 

<h3 align="center">Tomasz Grysztar </h3>

<h1 align="center">flat assembler 1.73<br /><span class="small">Programmer's Manual</span> </h1>

<h3 align="center"> </h3>


<div class="p"><!----></div>
 <a id="tth_chAp1"></a><h1>
Chapter 1 <br />Introduction</h1>

<tr><td align="center"><tt>pword</tt> </td><td align="center">48 </td><td align="center">6 </td></tr>
<tr><td align="center"><tt>qword</tt> </td><td align="center">64 </td><td align="center">8 </td></tr>
<tr><td align="center"><tt>tbyte</tt> </td><td align="center">80 </td><td align="center">10 </td></tr>
<tr><td align="center"><tt>tword</tt> </td><td align="center">80 </td><td align="center">10 </td></tr>
<tr><td align="center"><tt>dqword</tt> </td><td align="center">128 </td><td align="center">16 </td></tr>
<tr><td align="center"><tt>xword</tt> </td><td align="center">128 </td><td align="center">16 </td></tr>
<tr><td align="center"><tt>qqword</tt> </td><td align="center">256 </td><td align="center">32 </td></tr>
<tr><td align="center"><tt>yword</tt> </td><td align="center">256 </td><td align="center">32 </td></tr>
<tr><td align="center"><tt>dqqword</tt> </td><td align="center">512 </td><td align="center">64 </td></tr>
<tr><td align="center"><tt>zword</tt> </td><td align="center">512 </td><td align="center">64 </td></tr></table>
</div>

<div style="text-align:center">Table 1.1: Size operators.</div><a id="tab:size_operators">
</a>

<div class="p"><!----></div>

<a class="a" id="psubusb"></a>
<a class="a" id="psubusw"></a>

<tt>paddusb</tt>, <tt>paddusw</tt>, <tt>psubusb</tt>, <tt>psubusw</tt> are analoguous, but with 
unsigned saturation.
<a class="a" id="pmulhw"></a>
<a class="a" id="pmullw"></a>
\
<tt>pmulhw</tt> and <tt>pmullw</tt> performs a signed multiplication of the packed words
and store the high or low words of the results in the destination operand.
<a class="a" id="pmaddwd"></a>

<tt>pmaddwd</tt> performs a multiply of the packed words and adds the four intermediate
double word products in pairs to produce result as a packed double words.
<a class="a" id="pand"></a>
<a class="a" id="por"></a>

        file 'a.txt':10h,1
        load char from 0
    end virtual

</pre>
loads the single byte from offset 10h in file <tt>a.txt</tt> into the <tt>char</tt>
constant.

<div class="p"><!----></div>
Instead of or in addition to an <tt>at</tt> argument, <tt>virtual</tt> can also be followed
by an &#228;s" keyword and a string defining an extension of additional file where
the initialized content of the block is going to be stored at the end of
a successful assembly.

<pre>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;virtual&nbsp;at&nbsp;0&nbsp;as&nbsp;'asc'
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;times&nbsp;256&nbsp;db&nbsp;%-1
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;end&nbsp;virtual

</pre>

<div class="p"><!----></div>
Any of the <tt>section</tt> directives described in  also begins a new
addressing space.

<div class="p"><!----></div>
It is possible to declare a special kind of label that marks the current

</pre>
  This way it is possible to operate on values inside any code block,
including all the ones defined with <tt>virtual</tt>. However it is not allowed to
specify addressing space that has not been assembled yet, just as it is not
allowed to specify an address in the current addressing space that exceeds
the current offset. The addresses in any other addressing space are also
limited by the boundaries of the block.                

<div class="p"><!----></div>
The <tt>virtual</tt> directive can have a previously definen addressing space 
label as the only argument. This variant allows to extend a previously defined
and closed block with additional data. Any definition of data within
an extending block is going to have the same effect as if that definition was
present in the original <tt>virtual</tt> block.

<pre>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;virtual&nbsp;at&nbsp;0&nbsp;as&nbsp;'log'
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Log::
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;end&nbsp;virtual

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;virtual&nbsp;Log
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;db&nbsp;'Hello!',13,10
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;end&nbsp;virtual

</pre>

<div class="p"><!----></div>
     <a id="tth_sEc2.2.5"></a><h3>
2.2.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Other directives</h3>
<a id="sec:other">
</a>
<a class="a" id="ALIGN"></a>

/* Common layout styles 				*/
/* They will define the common web site appearance	*/

body {
   font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;
   font-size: 16px;
   background-color: white;
}


div.content, body>div{
  text-align: justify;
  max-width: 1024px;
  background-color: white;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
  margin-top: 8px;
  padding: 8px;
}

  font-size: 16px;
  margin-top: 16px;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  text-align: left;
}


p, div.p {
   text-align: justify;
   font-size: 16px;
   margin-top: 0.75em;
   margin-bottom: 0.75em;
}

  [FreshLibOOP.md][FreshLib OOP manual] - Explains the FreshLib object oriented programming model.

  [tips.md][Fresh IDE tips and tricks] - How to use Fresh IDE for the best programming results.

  [FASM.rhtm][Flat assembler programmers manual] - The official FlatAssembler reference manual.

  [lscr/main.html][Linux 32bit system calls reference] - An assembly language reference to the Linux system calls.

  [x86/main.html][Intel x86 instruction set reference] - a little bit outdated, but detailed x86 instructions reference.

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{book}

\usepackage[pdftex,bookmarks=true,hidelinks,pdfstartview=FitH]{hyperref}
\pdfminorversion=0

\usepackage{longtable}

\usepackage{anysize}

\makeindex

\begin{document}
\author{Tomasz Grysztar}
\title{flat assembler 1.73\\\small{Programmer's Manual}}
\date{}
\maketitle


\chapter{Introduction}
This chapter contains all the most important information you need to begin
using the flat assembler. If you are experienced assembly language programmer,

\verb"qword" & 64 & 8 \\
\verb"tbyte" & 80 & 10 \\
\verb"tword" & 80 & 10 \\
\verb"dqword" & 128 & 16 \\
\verb"xword" & 128 & 16 \\
\verb"qqword" & 256 & 32 \\
\verb"yword" & 256 & 32 \\
\verb"dqqword" & 512 & 64 \\
\verb"zword" & 512 & 64 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}\end{center}
\caption{Size operators.}\label{tab:size_operators}
\end{table}

\begin{table}[bt]
\begin{center}\begin{tabular}{|c|c||cccccccc|}

    virtual at 0
        file 'a.txt':10h,1
        load char from 0
    end virtual
\end{verbatim}
loads the single byte from offset 10h in file \verb"a.txt" into the \verb"char"
constant.

Instead of or in addition to an \verb"at" argument, \verb"virtual" can also be followed
by an "as" keyword and a string defining an extension of additional file where
the initialized content of the block is going to be stored at the end of
a successful assembly.
\begin{verbatim}
    virtual at 0 as 'asc'
        times 256 db %-1
    end virtual
\end{verbatim}

Any of the \verb"section" directives described in \ref{sec:formatter} also begins a new
addressing space.

It is possible to declare a special kind of label that marks the current
addressing space, by appending a double colon instead of a single one after a
label name. This symbol cannot then be used in numerical expressions, the only

  This way it is possible to operate on values inside any code block,
including all the ones defined with \verb"virtual". However it is not allowed to
specify addressing space that has not been assembled yet, just as it is not
allowed to specify an address in the current addressing space that exceeds
the current offset. The addresses in any other addressing space are also
limited by the boundaries of the block.                

The \verb"virtual" directive can have a previously definen addressing space 
label as the only argument. This variant allows to extend a previously defined
and closed block with additional data. Any definition of data within
an extending block is going to have the same effect as if that definition was
present in the original \verb"virtual" block.
\begin{verbatim}
    virtual at 0 as 'log'
        Log::
    end virtual

    virtual Log
        db 'Hello!',13,10
    end virtual
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{Other directives}
\label{sec:other}
\index{ALIGN}
\verb"align" directive aligns code or data to the specified boundary. It should
be followed by a numerical expression specifying the number of bytes, to the
multiply of which the current address has to be aligned. The boundary value

	jnz	illegal_instruction
	mov	eax,edi
	sub	eax,[ebx+18h]
	mov	[ebx+1Ch],eax
      init_addressing_space:
	mov	ebx,[tagged_blocks]
	mov	dword [ebx-4],10h
	mov	dword [ebx-8],24h
	sub	ebx,8+24h
	cmp	ebx,edi
	jbe	out_of_memory
	mov	[tagged_blocks],ebx
	mov	[addressing_space],ebx
	xor	eax,eax
	mov	[ebx],edi
	mov	[ebx+4],eax
	mov	[ebx+8],eax
	mov	[ebx+10h],eax
	mov	[ebx+14h],eax
	mov	[ebx+18h],edi
	mov	[ebx+1Ch],eax
	mov	[ebx+20h],eax
	ret

assemble_line:
	mov	eax,[tagged_blocks]
	sub	eax,100h
	cmp	edi,eax
	ja	out_of_memory

	jne	addressing_space_unavailable
	test	byte [eax+9],4
	jz	invalid_use_of_symbol
	mov	ebx,eax
	mov	ax,[current_pass]
	mov	[ebx+18],ax
	or	byte [ebx+8],8




	call	store_label_reference
      get_addressing_space:
	mov	ebx,[ebx]
      get_data_address:
	push	ebx
	cmp	byte [esi],'.'
	je	invalid_value

	cmp	esi,eax
	je	display_done
      display_messages:
	sub	esi,8
	mov	eax,[esi+4]
	mov	ecx,[esi]
	sub	esi,ecx
	cmp	eax,10h
	je	write_addressing_space
	test	eax,eax
	jnz	skip_block
	push	esi
	call	display_block
	pop	esi
      skip_block:
	cmp	esi,[tagged_blocks]
	jne	display_messages
      display_done:
	ret
      write_addressing_space:
	mov	ecx,[esi+20h]
	jecxz	skip_block
	push	esi
	mov	edi,[free_additional_memory]
	mov	esi,[output_file]
	test	esi,esi
	jz	addressing_space_written
	xor	ebx,ebx
      copy_output_path:
	lodsb
	cmp	edi,[structures_buffer]
	jae	out_of_memory
	stosb
	test	al,al
	jz	output_path_copied
	cmp	al,'/'
	je	new_path_segment
	cmp	al,'\'
	je	new_path_segment
	cmp	al,'.'
	jne	copy_output_path
	mov	ebx,edi
	jmp	copy_output_path
      new_path_segment:
	xor	ebx,ebx
	jmp	copy_output_path
      output_path_copied:
	test	ebx,ebx
	jnz	append_extension
	mov	byte [edi-1],'.'
	mov	ebx,edi
      append_extension:
	mov	edi,ebx
	add	ebx,ecx
	inc	ebx
	cmp	ebx,[structures_buffer]
	jae	out_of_memory
	mov	esi,[esp]
	mov	esi,[esi+18h]
	sub	esi,ecx
	rep	movs byte [edi],[esi]
	xor	al,al
	stos	byte [edi]
	mov	edx,[free_additional_memory]
	call	create
	jc	write_failed
	mov	esi,[esp]
	mov	edx,[esi+18h]
	mov	ecx,[esi+1Ch]
	call	write
	jc	write_failed
	call	close
      addressing_space_written:
	pop	esi
	jmp	skip_block

times_directive:
	lods	byte [esi]
	cmp	al,'('
	jne	invalid_argument
	cmp	byte [esi],'.'
	je	invalid_value

      zero_times:
	call	skip_symbol
	jnc	zero_times
	jmp	instruction_assembled

virtual_directive:
	lods	byte [esi]
	cmp	al,'('
	je	continue_virtual_area
	cmp	al,80h
	jne	virtual_at_current
	lods	byte [esi]
	cmp	al,'('
	jne	invalid_argument
	cmp	byte [esi],'.'
	je	invalid_value
	call	get_address_value
	mov	ebp,[address_symbol]
	or	bh,bh
	setnz	ch
	jmp	set_virtual
      virtual_at_current:
	dec	esi
      virtual_fallback:
	mov	ebp,[addressing_space]
	mov	al,[ds:ebp+9]
	mov	[value_type],al
	mov	eax,edi
	xor	edx,edx
	xor	cl,cl
	sub	eax,[ds:ebp]

	mov	ebp,[ds:ebp+14h]
      set_virtual:
	xchg	bl,bh
	xchg	cl,ch
	shl	ecx,16
	mov	cx,bx
	push	ecx eax
	call	allocate_virtual_structure_data

	call	init_addressing_space
	or	byte [ebx+0Ah],1
	cmp	byte [esi],86h
	jne	addressing_space_extension_ok
	cmp	word [esi+1],'('
	jne	invalid_argument
	mov	ecx,[esi+3]
	add	esi,3+4
	add	[ebx+18h],ecx
	mov	[ebx+20h],ecx
	or	byte [ebx+0Ah],2
	push	ebx
	mov	ebx,characters
      get_extension:
	lods	byte [esi]
	stos	byte [edi]
	xlat	byte [ebx]
	test	al,al
	jz	invalid_argument
	loop	get_extension
	inc	esi
	pop	ebx
      addressing_space_extension_ok:

	pop	eax
	mov	cl,[address_sign]
	not	eax
	not	edx
	not	cl
	add	eax,1
	adc	edx,0

	add	ebx,18h
	jmp	scan_structures
      structure_data_found:
	ret
      no_such_structure:
	stc
	ret
      allocate_virtual_structure_data:
	call	allocate_structure_data
	mov	word [ebx],virtual_directive-instruction_handler
	mov	ecx,[addressing_space]
	mov	[ebx+12],ecx
	mov	[ebx+8],edi
	mov	ecx,[current_line]
	mov	[ebx+4],ecx
	mov	ebx,[addressing_space]
	mov	eax,edi
	sub	eax,[ebx+18h]
	mov	[ebx+1Ch],eax
	ret
      continue_virtual_area:
	cmp	byte [esi],11h
	jne	invalid_argument
	cmp	byte [esi+1+4],')'
	jne	invalid_argument
	inc	esi
	lods	dword [esi]
	inc	esi
	cmp	eax,0Fh
	jbe	reserved_word_used_as_symbol
	mov	edx,undefined_symbol
	test	byte [eax+8],1
	jz	virtual_area_unavailable
	mov	edx,symbol_out_of_scope
	mov	cx,[eax+16]
	cmp	cx,[current_pass]
	jne	virtual_area_unavailable
	mov	edx,invalid_use_of_symbol
	test	byte [eax+9],4
	jz	virtual_area_unavailable
	mov	ebx,eax
	mov	ax,[current_pass]
	mov	[ebx+18],ax
	or	byte [ebx+8],8
	call	store_label_reference
	mov	ebx,[ebx]
	test	byte [ebx+0Ah],4
	jz	virtual_area_unavailable
	and	byte [ebx+0Ah],not 4
	mov	edx,ebx
	call	allocate_virtual_structure_data
	mov	[addressing_space],edx
	push	esi
	mov	esi,[edx+18h]
	mov	ecx,[edx+1Ch]
	mov	eax,[edx+20h]
	sub	esi,eax
	add	ecx,eax
	lea	eax,[edi+ecx]
	cmp	eax,[tagged_blocks]
	jae	out_of_memory
	mov	eax,esi
	sub	eax,edi
	sub	[edx+18h],eax
	sub	[edx],eax
	sbb	dword [edx+4],0
	sbb	byte [edx+8],0
	mov	al,cl
	shr	ecx,2
	rep	movs dword [edi],[esi]
	mov	cl,al
	and	cl,11b
	rep	movs byte [edi],[esi]
	pop	esi
	jmp	instruction_assembled
      virtual_area_unavailable:
	cmp	[error_line],0
	jne	virtual_fallback
	push	[current_line]
	pop	[error_line]
	mov	[error],edx
	mov	[error_info],eax
	jmp	virtual_fallback
      end_virtual:
	call	find_structure_data
	jc	unexpected_instruction
	push	ebx
	call	close_virtual_addressing_space
	pop	ebx
	mov	eax,[ebx+12]

	pop	edi esi
	ret
      close_virtual_addressing_space:
	mov	ebx,[addressing_space]
	mov	eax,edi
	sub	eax,[ebx+18h]
	mov	[ebx+1Ch],eax
	add	eax,[ebx+20h]
	test	byte [ebx+0Ah],2
	jz	addressing_space_closed
	or	byte [ebx+0Ah],4
	push	esi edi ecx edx
	mov	ecx,eax
	mov	eax,[tagged_blocks]
	mov	dword [eax-4],11h
	mov	dword [eax-8],ecx
	sub	eax,8
	sub	eax,ecx
	mov	[tagged_blocks],eax
	lea	edi,[eax+ecx-1]
	add	eax,[ebx+20h]
	xchg	eax,[ebx+18h]
	sub	eax,[ebx+20h]
	lea	esi,[eax+ecx-1]
	mov	eax,edi
	sub	eax,esi
	std
	shr	ecx,1
	jnc	virtual_byte_ok
	movs	byte [edi],[esi]

	stos	dword [edi]
	mov	eax,[ebx+4]
	stos	dword [edi]
	mov	[edi-8+13],cl
      got_label:
	test	byte [ebx+9],4
	jnz	invalid_use_of_symbol




	call	store_label_reference

	mov	al,[ebx+11]
	mov	[edi-8+12],al
	mov	eax,[ebx+12]
	mov	[edi-8+8],eax
	cmp	al,ah
	jne	labeled_registers_ok
	shr	eax,16

	or	ecx,[esi+4]
	jnz	div_ok
	not	bl
      div_ok:
	mov	[esi+13],bl
	ret
      store_label_reference:
	cmp	[symbols_file],0
	je	label_reference_ok
	cmp	[next_pass_needed],0
	jne	label_reference_ok
	mov	eax,[tagged_blocks]
	mov	dword [eax-4],2
	mov	dword [eax-8],4
	sub	eax,8+4
	cmp	eax,edi
	jbe	out_of_memory
	mov	[tagged_blocks],eax
	mov	[eax],ebx
      label_reference_ok:
	ret
      convert_fp:
	inc	esi
	and	word [edi+8],0
	and	word [edi+12],0
	mov	al,[value_size]
	cmp	al,2

; flat assembler core
; Copyright (c) 1999-2017, Tomasz Grysztar.
; All rights reserved.

formatter:
	mov	[current_offset],edi
	cmp	[output_file],0
	jne	output_path_ok
	mov	esi,[input_file]
	mov	edi,[free_additional_memory]
      duplicate_output_path:
	lods	byte [esi]
	cmp	edi,[structures_buffer]
	jae	out_of_memory
	stos	byte [edi]
	or	al,al
	jnz	duplicate_output_path
	dec	edi
	mov	eax,edi
      find_extension:
	dec	eax
	cmp	eax,[free_additional_memory]
	jb	extension_found
	cmp	byte [eax],'\'

	cmp	eax,0Fh
	jb	invalid_use_of_symbol
	je	reserved_word_used_as_symbol
	inc	esi
	mov	dx,[current_pass]
	mov	[eax+18],dx
	or	byte [eax+8],8




	mov	ebx,eax
	call	store_label_reference
	mov	eax,ebx

	mov	ebx,[free_additional_memory]
	lea	edx,[ebx+10h]
	cmp	edx,[structures_buffer]
	jae	out_of_memory
	mov	[free_additional_memory],edx
	mov	[ebx+8],eax
	mov	eax,[current_line]

flat assembler  version 1.73
Copyright (c) 1999-2017, Tomasz Grysztar.
All rights reserved.

This program is free for commercial and non-commercial use as long as
the following conditions are adhered to.

Copyright remains Tomasz Grysztar, and as such any Copyright notices

; flat assembler  version 1.73
; Copyright (c) 1999-2017, Tomasz Grysztar.
; All rights reserved.
;
; This programs is free for commercial and non-commercial use as long as
; the following conditions are adhered to.
;
; Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without

; SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
;
; The licence and distribution terms for any publically available
; version or derivative of this code cannot be changed. i.e. this code
; cannot simply be copied and put under another distribution licence
; (including the GNU Public Licence).

VERSION_STRING equ "1.73.02"

VERSION_MAJOR = 1
VERSION_MINOR = 73

Visit http://flatassembler.net/ for more information.


version 1.73.02 (Dec 16, 2017)

[-] Fixed a bug in the storage of "virtual as" blocks.


version 1.73.01 (Nov 25, 2017)

[+] Added virtual block continuation syntax (backported from flat assembler g).

[+] Documentation update.

[-] Fixed a bug in addressing data of the "virtual as" block.


version 1.73.00 (Nov 24, 2017)

[+] Added "virtual as" syntax (backported from flat assembler g).


version 1.72 (Oct 10, 2017)

[+] Support for Intel AVX-512, SHA, CLFLUSHOPT, CLWB, PCOMMIT, ADX, RDSEED, SMAP
    and MPX instruction sets.

[+] Added "irpv" and "postpone" directives.