.
Returns all of the characters in \fIname\fR after and including the last
dot in the last element of \fIname\fR.  If there is no dot in the last
element of \fIname\fR then returns the empty string.
.\" METHOD: home
.TP
\fBfile home ?\fIusername\fR?
.VS "8.7, TIP 602"
.VS TIP602
If no argument is specified, the command returns the home directory
of the current user. This is generally the value of the \fB$HOME\fR
environment variable except that on Windows platforms backslashes
in the path are replaced by forward slashes. An error is raised if
the \fB$HOME\fR environment variable is not set.
.RS
.PP
If \fIusername\fR is specified, the command returns the home directory
configured in the system for the specified user. Note this may be
different than the value of the \fB$HOME\fR environment variable
even when \fIusername\fR corresponds to the current user. An error is
raised if the \fIusername\fR does not correspond to a user account
on the system.
.RE
.VE "8.7, TIP 602"
.VE TIP602
.\" METHOD: isdirectory
.TP
\fBfile isdirectory \fIname\fR
.
Returns \fB1\fR if file \fIname\fR is a directory, \fB0\fR otherwise.
.\" METHOD: isfile
.TP

\fIname\fR.  Any trailing directory separator in \fIname\fR is ignored.
If \fIname\fR contains no separators then returns \fIname\fR.  So,
\fBfile tail a/b\fR, \fBfile tail a/b/\fR and \fBfile tail b\fR all
return \fBb\fR.
.\" METHOD: tempdir
.TP
\fBfile tempdir\fR ?\fItemplate\fR?
.VS "8.7, TIP 431"
.VS TIP431
Creates a temporary directory (guaranteed to be newly created and writable by
the current script) and returns its name. If \fItemplate\fR is given, it
specifies one of or both of the existing directory (on a filesystem controlled
by the operating system) to contain the temporary directory, and the base part
of the directory name; it is considered to have the location of the directory
if there is a directory separator in the name, and the base part is everything
after the last directory separator (if non-empty).  The default containing

/tmp/myapp_8o7r9L
% \fBfile tempdir\fR /tmp/
/tmp/tcl_1mOJHD
% \fBfile tempdir\fR myapp
/var/tmp/myapp_0ihS0n
.CE
.RE
.VE "8.7, TIP 431"
.VE TIP431
.\" METHOD: tempfile
.TP
\fBfile tempfile\fR ?\fInameVar\fR? ?\fItemplate\fR?
Creates a temporary file and returns a read-write channel opened on that file.
If the \fInameVar\fR is given, it specifies a variable that the name of the
temporary file will be written into; if absent, Tcl will attempt to arrange
for the temporary file to be deleted once it is no longer required. If the
\fItemplate\fR is present, it specifies parts of the template of the filename
to use when creating it (such as the directory, base-name or extension) though
some platforms may ignore some or all of these parts and use a built-in
default instead.
.RS
.PP
Note that temporary files are \fIonly\fR ever created on the native
filesystem. As such, they can be relied upon to be used with operating-system
native APIs and external programs that require a filename.
.RE
.\" METHOD: tildeexpand
.TP
\fBfile tildeexpand \fIname\fR
.VS "8.7, TIP 602"
.VS TIP602
Returns the result of performing tilde substitution on \fIname\fR. If the name
begins with a tilde, then the file name will be interpreted as if the first
element is replaced with the location of the home directory for the given user.
If the tilde is followed immediately by a path separator, the \fB$HOME\fR
environment variable is substituted.  Otherwise the characters between the
tilde and the next separator are taken as a user name, which is used to
retrieve the user's home directory for substitution.  An error is raised if the
\fB$HOME\fR environment variable or user does not exist.
.RS
.PP
If the file name does not begin with a tilde, it is returned unmodified.
.RE
.VE "8.7, TIP 602"
.VE TIP602
.\" METHOD: type
.TP
\fBfile type \fIname\fR
.
Returns a string giving the type of file \fIname\fR, which will be one of
\fBfile\fR, \fBdirectory\fR, \fBcharacterSpecial\fR, \fBblockSpecial\fR,
\fBfifo\fR, \fBlink\fR, or \fBsocket\fR.