((y>>1 & 1) * xtime(x)) ^                       \
      ((y>>2 & 1) * xtime(xtime(x))) ^                \
      ((y>>3 & 1) * xtime(xtime(xtime(x)))) ^         \
      ((y>>4 & 1) * xtime(xtime(xtime(xtime(x))))))   \

#endif

#if (defined(CBC) && CBC == 1) || (defined(ECB) && ECB == 1)
// MixColumns function mixes the columns of the state matrix.
// The method used to multiply may be difficult to understand for the inexperienced.
// Please use the references to gain more information.
static void InvMixColumns(state_t* state)
{
  int i;
  uint8_t a, b, c, d;

  // Rotate third row 3 columns to right
  temp = (*state)[0][3];
  (*state)[0][3] = (*state)[1][3];
  (*state)[1][3] = (*state)[2][3];
  (*state)[2][3] = (*state)[3][3];
  (*state)[3][3] = temp;
}
#endif // #if (defined(CBC) && CBC == 1) || (defined(ECB) && ECB == 1)

// Cipher is the main function that encrypts the PlainText.
static void Cipher(state_t* state, uint8_t* RoundKey)
{
  uint8_t round = 0;

  // Add the First round key to the state before starting the rounds.