Fossil

    if( pCur->ss.iStep>0 ){
      sqlite3_int64 szStep = pCur->ss.iStep;
      if( pCur->ss.iBase<iMin ){
        sqlite3_uint64 d = iMin - pCur->ss.iBase;
        pCur->ss.iBase += ((d+szStep-1)/szStep)*szStep;
      }
      if( pCur->ss.iTerm>iMax ){

        pCur->ss.iTerm = iMax;
      }
    }else{
      sqlite3_int64 szStep = -pCur->ss.iStep;
      assert( szStep>0 );
      if( pCur->ss.iBase>iMax ){
        sqlite3_uint64 d = pCur->ss.iBase - iMax;
        pCur->ss.iBase -= ((d+szStep-1)/szStep)*szStep;
      }
      if( pCur->ss.iTerm<iMin ){

        pCur->ss.iTerm = iMin;
      }
    }
  }

  /* Apply LIMIT and OFFSET constraints, if any */
  if( idxNum & 0x20 ){
    if( iOffset>0 ){

#endif
int sqlite3_dbdata_init(sqlite3*, char**, const sqlite3_api_routines*);

/* typedef unsigned int u32; */
/* typedef unsigned char u8; */
/* typedef sqlite3_int64 i64; */

/*
** Work around C99 "flex-array" syntax for pre-C99 compilers, so as
** to avoid complaints from -fsanitize=strict-bounds.
*/
#if defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L)
# define FLEXARRAY
#else
# define FLEXARRAY 1
#endif

typedef struct RecoverTable RecoverTable;
typedef struct RecoverColumn RecoverColumn;

/*
** When recovering rows of data that can be associated with table
** definitions recovered from the sqlite_schema table, each table is
** represented by an instance of the following object.

**   false if it is clear:
**
**       (aElem[iKey/32] & (1 << (iKey%32))) ? 1 : 0
*/
typedef struct RecoverBitmap RecoverBitmap;
struct RecoverBitmap {
  i64 nPg;                        /* Size of bitmap */
  u32 aElem[FLEXARRAY];           /* Array of 32-bit bitmasks */
};

/* Size in bytes of a RecoverBitmap object sufficient to cover 32 pages */
#define SZ_RECOVERBITMAP_32  (16)

/*
** State variables (part of the sqlite3_recover structure) used while
** recovering data for tables identified in the recovered schema (state
** RECOVER_STATE_WRITING).
*/
typedef struct RecoverStateW1 RecoverStateW1;

**
** Otherwise, an attempt is made to allocate and return a bitmap object
** large enough to store a bit for all page numbers between 1 and nPg,
** inclusive. The bitmap is initially zeroed.
*/
static RecoverBitmap *recoverBitmapAlloc(sqlite3_recover *p, i64 nPg){
  int nElem = (nPg+1+31) / 32;
  int nByte = SZ_RECOVERBITMAP_32 + nElem*sizeof(u32);
  RecoverBitmap *pRet = (RecoverBitmap*)recoverMalloc(p, nByte);

  if( pRet ){
    pRet->nPg = nPg;
  }
  return pRet;
}

}

/*
** The CLI needs a working sqlite3_complete() to work properly.  So error
** out of the build if compiling with SQLITE_OMIT_COMPLETE.
*/
#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPLETE
# error the CLI application is incompatible with SQLITE_OMIT_COMPLETE.
#endif

/*
** Return true if zSql is a complete SQL statement.  Return false if it
** ends in the middle of a string literal or C-style comment.
*/
static int line_is_complete(char *zSql, int nSql){

  if( !readStdin ){
    /* Run all arguments that do not begin with '-' as if they were separate
    ** command-line inputs, except for the argToSkip argument which contains
    ** the database filename.
    */
    for(i=0; i<nCmd; i++){
      echo_group_input(&data, azCmd[i]);
      if( azCmd[i][0]=='.' ){
        rc = do_meta_command(azCmd[i], &data);
        if( rc ){
          if( rc==2 ) rc = 0;
          goto shell_main_exit;
        }
      }else{
        open_db(&data, 0);

        rc = shell_exec(&data, azCmd[i], &zErrMsg);
        if( zErrMsg || rc ){
          if( zErrMsg!=0 ){
            shellEmitError(zErrMsg);
          }else{
            sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
                            "Error: unable to process SQL: %s\n", azCmd[i]);

** the text of this file.  Search for "Begin file sqlite3.h" to find the start
** of the embedded sqlite3.h header file.) Additional code files may be needed
** if you want a wrapper to interface SQLite with your choice of programming
** language. The code for the "sqlite3" command-line shell is also in a
** separate file. This file contains only code for the core SQLite library.
**
** The content in this amalgamation comes from Fossil check-in
** 18bda13e197e4b4ec7464b3e70012f71edc0 with changes in files:
**
**    
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
#define SQLITE_CORE 1
#define SQLITE_AMALGAMATION 1
#ifndef SQLITE_PRIVATE

**
** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
*/
#define SQLITE_VERSION        "3.50.0"
#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER 3050000
#define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "2025-03-16 00:13:29 18bda13e197e4b4ec7464b3e70012f71edc05f73d8b14bb48bad452f81c7e185"

/*
** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version sqlite3_sourceid
**
** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros

** more threads at the same moment in time.
**
** For all versions of SQLite up to and including 3.6.23.1, a call to
** [sqlite3_reset()] was required after sqlite3_step() returned anything
** other than [SQLITE_ROW] before any subsequent invocation of
** sqlite3_step().  Failure to reset the prepared statement using
** [sqlite3_reset()] would result in an [SQLITE_MISUSE] return from
** sqlite3_step().  But after [version 3.6.23.1] ([dateof:3.6.23.1]),
** sqlite3_step() began
** calling [sqlite3_reset()] automatically in this circumstance rather
** than returning [SQLITE_MISUSE].  This is not considered a compatibility
** break because any application that ever receives an SQLITE_MISUSE error
** is broken by definition.  The [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTORESET] compile-time option
** can be used to restore the legacy behavior.
**

** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted in
** a [rowid table].
** ^Any callback set by a previous call to this function
** for the same database connection is overridden.
**
** ^The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a
** row is updated, inserted or deleted in a rowid table.
** ^The update hook is disabled by invoking sqlite3_update_hook()
** with a NULL pointer as the second parameter.
** ^The first argument to the callback is a copy of the third argument
** to sqlite3_update_hook().
** ^The second callback argument is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE],
** or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the operation that caused the callback
** to be invoked.
** ^The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the
** database and table name containing the affected row.

#endif

/*
** GCC does not define the offsetof() macro so we'll have to do it
** ourselves.
*/
#ifndef offsetof
#define offsetof(STRUCTURE,FIELD) ((size_t)((char*)&((STRUCTURE*)0)->FIELD))
#endif

/*
** Work around C99 "flex-array" syntax for pre-C99 compilers, so as
** to avoid complaints from -fsanitize=strict-bounds.
*/
#if defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L)
# define FLEXARRAY
#else
# define FLEXARRAY 1
#endif

/*
** Macros to compute minimum and maximum of two numbers.
*/
#ifndef MIN
# define MIN(A,B) ((A)<(B)?(A):(B))

SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3MemSetArrayInt64(sqlite3_value *aMem, int iIdx, i64 val);

SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3NotPureFunc(sqlite3_context*);
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_BYTECODE_VTAB
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3VdbeBytecodeVtabInit(sqlite3*);
#endif

/* Use SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS to enable generation of extra
** comments on each VDBE opcode.
**
** Use the SQLITE_ENABLE_MODULE_COMMENTS macro to see some extra no-op
** comments in VDBE programs that show key decision points in the code
** generator.
*/
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS
SQLITE_PRIVATE   void sqlite3VdbeComment(Vdbe*, const char*, ...);

  /* EV: R-30323-21917 */
  u8 isDeferred;       /* True if constraint checking is deferred till COMMIT */
  u8 aAction[2];        /* ON DELETE and ON UPDATE actions, respectively */
  Trigger *apTrigger[2];/* Triggers for aAction[] actions */
  struct sColMap {      /* Mapping of columns in pFrom to columns in zTo */
    int iFrom;            /* Index of column in pFrom */
    char *zCol;           /* Name of column in zTo.  If NULL use PRIMARY KEY */
  } aCol[FLEXARRAY];      /* One entry for each of nCol columns */
};

/* The size (in bytes) of an FKey object holding N columns.  The answer
** does NOT include space to hold the zTo name. */
#define SZ_FKEY(N)  (offsetof(FKey,aCol)+(N)*sizeof(struct sColMap))

/*
** SQLite supports many different ways to resolve a constraint
** error.  ROLLBACK processing means that a constraint violation
** causes the operation in process to fail and for the current transaction
** to be rolled back.  ABORT processing means the operation in process
** fails and any prior changes from that one operation are backed out,

struct KeyInfo {
  u32 nRef;           /* Number of references to this KeyInfo object */
  u8 enc;             /* Text encoding - one of the SQLITE_UTF* values */
  u16 nKeyField;      /* Number of key columns in the index */
  u16 nAllField;      /* Total columns, including key plus others */
  sqlite3 *db;        /* The database connection */
  u8 *aSortFlags;     /* Sort order for each column. */
  CollSeq *aColl[FLEXARRAY]; /* Collating sequence for each term of the key */
};

/* The size (in bytes) of a KeyInfo object with up to N fields */
#define SZ_KEYINFO(N)  (offsetof(KeyInfo,aColl) + (N)*sizeof(CollSeq*))

/*
** Allowed bit values for entries in the KeyInfo.aSortFlags[] array.
*/
#define KEYINFO_ORDER_DESC    0x01    /* DESC sort order */
#define KEYINFO_ORDER_BIGNULL 0x02    /* NULL is larger than any other value */

/*

      struct {             /* Used by any ExprList other than Parse.pConsExpr */
        u16 iOrderByCol;      /* For ORDER BY, column number in result set */
        u16 iAlias;           /* Index into Parse.aAlias[] for zName */
      } x;
      int iConstExprReg;   /* Register in which Expr value is cached. Used only
                           ** by Parse.pConstExpr */
    } u;
  } a[FLEXARRAY];          /* One slot for each expression in the list */
};

/* The size (in bytes) of an ExprList object that is big enough to hold
** as many as N expressions. */
#define SZ_EXPRLIST(N)  \
             (offsetof(ExprList,a) + (N)*sizeof(struct ExprList_item))

/*
** Allowed values for Expr.a.eEName
*/
#define ENAME_NAME  0       /* The AS clause of a result set */
#define ENAME_SPAN  1       /* Complete text of the result set expression */
#define ENAME_TAB   2       /* "DB.TABLE.NAME" for the result set */

**
** If "a" is the k-th column of table "t", then IdList.a[0].idx==k.
*/
struct IdList {
  int nId;         /* Number of identifiers on the list */
  struct IdList_item {
    char *zName;      /* Name of the identifier */
  } a[FLEXARRAY];
};

/* The size (in bytes) of an IdList object that can hold up to N IDs. */
#define SZ_IDLIST(N)  (offsetof(IdList,a)+(N)*sizeof(struct IdList_item))

/*
** Allowed values for IdList.eType, which determines which value of the a.u4
** is valid.
*/
#define EU4_NONE   0   /* Does not use IdList.a.u4 */
#define EU4_IDX    1   /* Uses IdList.a.u4.idx */
#define EU4_EXPR   2   /* Uses IdList.a.u4.pExpr -- NOT CURRENTLY USED */

** This object represents one or more tables that are the source of
** content for an SQL statement.  For example, a single SrcList object
** is used to hold the FROM clause of a SELECT statement.  SrcList also
** represents the target tables for DELETE, INSERT, and UPDATE statements.
**
*/
struct SrcList {
  int nSrc;             /* Number of tables or subqueries in the FROM clause */
  u32 nAlloc;           /* Number of entries allocated in a[] below */
  SrcItem a[FLEXARRAY]; /* One entry for each identifier on the list */
};

/* Size (in bytes) of a SrcList object that can hold as many as N
** SrcItem objects. */
#define SZ_SRCLIST(N) (offsetof(SrcList,a)+(N)*sizeof(SrcItem))

/* Size (in bytes( of a SrcList object that holds 1 SrcItem.  This is a
** special case of SZ_SRCITEM(1) that comes up often. */
#define SZ_SRCLIST_1  (offsetof(SrcList,a)+sizeof(SrcItem))

/*
** Permitted values of the SrcList.a.jointype field
*/
#define JT_INNER     0x01    /* Any kind of inner or cross join */
#define JT_CROSS     0x02    /* Explicit use of the CROSS keyword */
#define JT_NATURAL   0x04    /* True for a "natural" join */

** An instance of the With object represents a WITH clause containing
** one or more CTEs (common table expressions).
*/
struct With {
  int nCte;               /* Number of CTEs in the WITH clause */
  int bView;              /* Belongs to the outermost Select of a view */
  With *pOuter;           /* Containing WITH clause, or NULL */
  Cte a[FLEXARRAY];       /* For each CTE in the WITH clause.... */
};

/* The size (in bytes) of a With object that can hold as many
** as N different CTEs. */
#define SZ_WITH(N)  (offsetof(With,a) + (N)*sizeof(Cte))

/*
** The Cte object is not guaranteed to persist for the entire duration
** of code generation.  (The query flattener or other parser tree
** edits might delete it.)  The following object records information
** about each Common Table Expression that must be preserved for the
** duration of the parse.

/* Client data associated with sqlite3_set_clientdata() and
** sqlite3_get_clientdata().
*/
struct DbClientData {
  DbClientData *pNext;        /* Next in a linked list */
  void *pData;                /* The data */
  void (*xDestructor)(void*); /* Destructor.  Might be NULL */
  char zName[FLEXARRAY];      /* Name of this client data. MUST BE LAST */
};

/* The size (in bytes) of a DbClientData object that can has a name
** that is N bytes long, including the zero-terminator. */
#define SZ_DBCLIENTDATA(N) (offsetof(DbClientData,zName)+(N))

#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
/*
** An instance of the TreeView object is used for printing the content of
** data structures on sqlite3DebugPrintf() using a tree-like view.
*/
struct TreeView {

#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_EXTRA_IFNULLROW
  "EXTRA_IFNULLROW",
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_EXTRA_INIT
  "EXTRA_INIT=" CTIMEOPT_VAL(SQLITE_EXTRA_INIT),
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_EXTRA_INIT_MUTEXED
  "EXTRA_INIT_MUTEXED=" CTIMEOPT_VAL(SQLITE_EXTRA_INIT_MUTEXED),
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_EXTRA_SHUTDOWN
  "EXTRA_SHUTDOWN=" CTIMEOPT_VAL(SQLITE_EXTRA_SHUTDOWN),
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_FTS3_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH
  "FTS3_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH=" CTIMEOPT_VAL(SQLITE_FTS3_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH),
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_FTS5_ENABLE_TEST_MI

  u32 payloadSize;        /* Total number of bytes in the record */
  u32 szRow;              /* Byte available in aRow */
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_USED_MASK
  u64 maskUsed;           /* Mask of columns used by this cursor */
#endif
  VdbeTxtBlbCache *pCache; /* Cache of large TEXT or BLOB values */

  /* Space is allocated for aType to hold at least 2*nField+1 entries:

  ** nField slots for aType[] and nField+1 array slots for aOffset[] */
  u32 aType[FLEXARRAY];    /* Type values record decode.  MUST BE LAST */
};

/*
** The size (in bytes) of a VdbeCursor object that has an nField value of N
** or less.  The value of SZ_VDBECURSOR(n) is guaranteed to be a multiple
** of 8.
*/
#define SZ_VDBECURSOR(N) \
    (ROUND8(offsetof(VdbeCursor,aType)) + ((N)+1)*sizeof(u64))

/* Return true if P is a null-only cursor
*/
#define IsNullCursor(P) \
  ((P)->eCurType==CURTYPE_PSEUDO && (P)->nullRow && (P)->seekResult==0)

/*
** A value for VdbeCursor.cacheStatus that means the cache is always invalid.

  Mem *pMem;              /* Memory cell used to store aggregate context */
  Vdbe *pVdbe;            /* The VM that owns this context */
  int iOp;                /* Instruction number of OP_Function */
  int isError;            /* Error code returned by the function. */
  u8 enc;                 /* Encoding to use for results */
  u8 skipFlag;            /* Skip accumulator loading if true */
  u16 argc;               /* Number of arguments */
  sqlite3_value *argv[FLEXARRAY]; /* Argument set */
};

/*
** The size (in bytes) of an sqlite3_context object that holds N
** argv[] arguments.
*/
#define SZ_CONTEXT(N)  \
   (offsetof(sqlite3_context,argv)+(N)*sizeof(sqlite3_value*))


/* The ScanStatus object holds a single value for the
** sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() interface.
**
** aAddrRange[]:
**   This array is used by ScanStatus elements associated with EQP
**   notes that make an SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NCYCLE value available. It is

** sqlite3_preupdate_*() API functions.
*/
struct PreUpdate {
  Vdbe *v;
  VdbeCursor *pCsr;               /* Cursor to read old values from */
  int op;                         /* One of SQLITE_INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE */
  u8 *aRecord;                    /* old.* database record */
  KeyInfo *pKeyinfo;              /* Key information */
  UnpackedRecord *pUnpacked;      /* Unpacked version of aRecord[] */
  UnpackedRecord *pNewUnpacked;   /* Unpacked version of new.* record */
  int iNewReg;                    /* Register for new.* values */
  int iBlobWrite;                 /* Value returned by preupdate_blobwrite() */
  i64 iKey1;                      /* First key value passed to hook */
  i64 iKey2;                      /* Second key value passed to hook */
  Mem oldipk;                     /* Memory cell holding "old" IPK value */
  Mem *aNew;                      /* Array of new.* values */
  Table *pTab;                    /* Schema object being updated */
  Index *pPk;                     /* PK index if pTab is WITHOUT ROWID */
  sqlite3_value **apDflt;         /* Array of default values, if required */
  u8 keyinfoSpace[SZ_KEYINFO(0)]; /* Space to hold pKeyinfo[0] content */
};

/*
** An instance of this object is used to pass an vector of values into
** OP_VFilter, the xFilter method of a virtual table.  The vector is the
** set of values on the right-hand side of an IN constraint.
**

/*
** Return the number of days after the most recent Sunday.
**
** In other words, return the day of the week according
** to this code:
**
**   0=Sunday, 1=Monday, 2=Tuesday, ..., 6=Saturday
*/
static int daysAfterSunday(DateTime *pDate){
  assert( pDate->validJD );
  return (int)((pDate->iJD+129600000)/86400000) % 7;
}

/*

          ** For %#Q, do the same but only if there is at least
          ** one control character. */
          u32 nBack = 0;
          u32 nCtrl = 0;
          for(k=0; k<i; k++){
            if( escarg[k]=='\\' ){
              nBack++;
            }else if( ((u8*)escarg)[k]<=0x1f ){
              nCtrl++;
            }
          }
          if( nCtrl || xtype==etESCAPE_q ){
            n += nBack + 5*nCtrl;
            if( xtype==etESCAPE_Q ){
              n += 10;

        if( flag_alternateform ){
          for(i=0; i<k; i++){
            bufpt[j++] = ch = escarg[i];
            if( ch==q ){
              bufpt[j++] = ch;
            }else if( ch=='\\' ){
              bufpt[j++] = '\\';
            }else if( ((unsigned char)ch)<=0x1f ){
              bufpt[j-1] = '\\';
              bufpt[j++] = 'u';
              bufpt[j++] = '0';
              bufpt[j++] = '0';
              bufpt[j++] = ch>=0x10 ? '1' : '0';
              bufpt[j++] = "0123456789abcdef"[ch&0xf];
            }

  }
  *pA = iA*iB;
  return 0;
#endif
}

/*
** Compute the absolute value of a 32-bit signed integer, if possible.  Or
** if the integer has a value of -2147483648, return +2147483647
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3AbsInt32(int x){
  if( x>=0 ) return x;
  if( x==(int)0x80000000 ) return 0x7fffffff;
  return -x;
}

#if !defined(HAVE_NANOSLEEP) || HAVE_NANOSLEEP+0
  struct timespec sp;
  sp.tv_sec = microseconds / 1000000;
  sp.tv_nsec = (microseconds % 1000000) * 1000;

  /* Almost all modern unix systems support nanosleep().  But if you are
  ** compiling for one of the rare exceptions, you can use
  ** -DHAVE_NANOSLEEP=0 (perhaps in conjunction with -DHAVE_USLEEP if
  ** usleep() is available) in order to bypass the use of nanosleep() */
  nanosleep(&sp, NULL);

  UNUSED_PARAMETER(NotUsed);
  return microseconds;
#elif defined(HAVE_USLEEP) && HAVE_USLEEP
  if( microseconds>=1000000 ) sleep(microseconds/1000000);

  int nSlot;                     /* The number of pcache slots */
  int nReserve;                  /* Try to keep nFreeSlot above this */
  void *pStart, *pEnd;           /* Bounds of global page cache memory */
  /* Above requires no mutex.  Use mutex below for variable that follow. */
  sqlite3_mutex *mutex;          /* Mutex for accessing the following: */
  PgFreeslot *pFree;             /* Free page blocks */
  int nFreeSlot;                 /* Number of unused pcache slots */




  int bUnderPressure;            /* True if low on PAGECACHE memory */
} pcache1_g;

/*
** All code in this file should access the global structure above via the
** alias "pcache1". This ensures that the WSD emulation is used when
** compiling for systems that do not support real WSD.

    if( n==0 ) sz = 0;
    sz = ROUNDDOWN8(sz);
    pcache1.szSlot = sz;
    pcache1.nSlot = pcache1.nFreeSlot = n;
    pcache1.nReserve = n>90 ? 10 : (n/10 + 1);
    pcache1.pStart = pBuf;
    pcache1.pFree = 0;
    AtomicStore(&pcache1.bUnderPressure,0);
    while( n-- ){
      p = (PgFreeslot*)pBuf;
      p->pNext = pcache1.pFree;
      pcache1.pFree = p;
      pBuf = (void*)&((char*)pBuf)[sz];
    }
    pcache1.pEnd = pBuf;

  assert( sqlite3_mutex_notheld(pcache1.grp.mutex) );
  if( nByte<=pcache1.szSlot ){
    sqlite3_mutex_enter(pcache1.mutex);
    p = (PgHdr1 *)pcache1.pFree;
    if( p ){
      pcache1.pFree = pcache1.pFree->pNext;
      pcache1.nFreeSlot--;
      AtomicStore(&pcache1.bUnderPressure,pcache1.nFreeSlot<pcache1.nReserve);
      assert( pcache1.nFreeSlot>=0 );
      sqlite3StatusHighwater(SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE, nByte);
      sqlite3StatusUp(SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED, 1);
    }
    sqlite3_mutex_leave(pcache1.mutex);
  }
  if( p==0 ){

    PgFreeslot *pSlot;
    sqlite3_mutex_enter(pcache1.mutex);
    sqlite3StatusDown(SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED, 1);
    pSlot = (PgFreeslot*)p;
    pSlot->pNext = pcache1.pFree;
    pcache1.pFree = pSlot;
    pcache1.nFreeSlot++;
    AtomicStore(&pcache1.bUnderPressure,pcache1.nFreeSlot<pcache1.nReserve);
    assert( pcache1.nFreeSlot<=pcache1.nSlot );
    sqlite3_mutex_leave(pcache1.mutex);
  }else{
    assert( sqlite3MemdebugHasType(p, MEMTYPE_PCACHE) );
    sqlite3MemdebugSetType(p, MEMTYPE_HEAP);
#ifndef SQLITE_DISABLE_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW_STATS
    {

** Or, the heap is used for all page cache memory but the heap is
** under memory pressure, then again it is desirable to avoid
** allocating a new page cache entry in order to avoid stressing
** the heap even further.
*/
static int pcache1UnderMemoryPressure(PCache1 *pCache){
  if( pcache1.nSlot && (pCache->szPage+pCache->szExtra)<=pcache1.szSlot ){
    return AtomicLoad(&pcache1.bUnderPressure);
  }else{
    return sqlite3HeapNearlyFull();
  }
}

/******************************************************************************/
/******** General Implementation Functions ************************************/

  int nSegment;                   /* Number of entries in aSegment[] */
  struct WalSegment {
    int iNext;                    /* Next slot in aIndex[] not yet returned */
    ht_slot *aIndex;              /* i0, i1, i2... such that aPgno[iN] ascend */
    u32 *aPgno;                   /* Array of page numbers. */
    int nEntry;                   /* Nr. of entries in aPgno[] and aIndex[] */
    int iZero;                    /* Frame number associated with aPgno[0] */
  } aSegment[FLEXARRAY];          /* One for every 32KB page in the wal-index */
};

/* Size (in bytes) of a WalIterator object suitable for N or fewer segments */
#define SZ_WALITERATOR(N)  \
     (offsetof(WalIterator,aSegment)*(N)*sizeof(struct WalSegment))

/*
** Define the parameters of the hash tables in the wal-index file. There
** is a hash-table following every HASHTABLE_NPAGE page numbers in the
** wal-index.
**
** Changing any of these constants will alter the wal-index format and

  ** it only runs if there is actually content in the log (mxFrame>0).
  */
  assert( pWal->ckptLock && pWal->hdr.mxFrame>0 );
  iLast = pWal->hdr.mxFrame;

  /* Allocate space for the WalIterator object. */
  nSegment = walFramePage(iLast) + 1;
  nByte = SZ_WALITERATOR(nSegment)

        + iLast*sizeof(ht_slot);
  p = (WalIterator *)sqlite3_malloc64(nByte
      + sizeof(ht_slot) * (iLast>HASHTABLE_NPAGE?HASHTABLE_NPAGE:iLast)
  );
  if( !p ){
    return SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
  }

  int p2,               /* First argument register */
  int p3,               /* Register into which results are written */
  int nArg,             /* Number of argument */
  const FuncDef *pFunc, /* The function to be invoked */
  int eCallCtx          /* Calling context */
){
  Vdbe *v = pParse->pVdbe;

  int addr;
  sqlite3_context *pCtx;
  assert( v );

  pCtx = sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(pParse->db, SZ_CONTEXT(nArg));
  if( pCtx==0 ){
    assert( pParse->db->mallocFailed );
    freeEphemeralFunction(pParse->db, (FuncDef*)pFunc);
    return 0;
  }
  pCtx->pOut = 0;
  pCtx->pFunc = (FuncDef*)pFunc;

       || (pCsr->nField==nRealCol+1 && op==SQLITE_DELETE && iReg==-1)
  );

  preupdate.v = v;
  preupdate.pCsr = pCsr;
  preupdate.op = op;
  preupdate.iNewReg = iReg;
  preupdate.pKeyinfo = (KeyInfo*)&preupdate.keyinfoSpace;
  preupdate.pKeyinfo->db = db;
  preupdate.pKeyinfo->enc = ENC(db);
  preupdate.pKeyinfo->nKeyField = pTab->nCol;
  preupdate.pKeyinfo->aSortFlags = (u8*)&fakeSortOrder;
  preupdate.iKey1 = iKey1;
  preupdate.iKey2 = iKey2;
  preupdate.pTab = pTab;
  preupdate.iBlobWrite = iBlobWrite;

  db->pPreUpdate = &preupdate;
  db->xPreUpdateCallback(db->pPreUpdateArg, db, op, zDb, zTbl, iKey1, iKey2);
  db->pPreUpdate = 0;
  sqlite3DbFree(db, preupdate.aRecord);
  vdbeFreeUnpacked(db, preupdate.pKeyinfo->nKeyField+1,preupdate.pUnpacked);
  vdbeFreeUnpacked(db, preupdate.pKeyinfo->nKeyField+1,preupdate.pNewUnpacked);
  sqlite3VdbeMemRelease(&preupdate.oldipk);
  if( preupdate.aNew ){
    int i;
    for(i=0; i<pCsr->nField; i++){
      sqlite3VdbeMemRelease(&preupdate.aNew[i]);
    }
    sqlite3DbNNFreeNN(db, preupdate.aNew);

      assert( p->pCsr->eCurType==CURTYPE_BTREE );
      nRec = sqlite3BtreePayloadSize(p->pCsr->uc.pCursor);
      aRec = sqlite3DbMallocRaw(db, nRec);
      if( !aRec ) goto preupdate_old_out;
      rc = sqlite3BtreePayload(p->pCsr->uc.pCursor, 0, nRec, aRec);
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        p->pUnpacked = vdbeUnpackRecord(p->pKeyinfo, nRec, aRec);
        if( !p->pUnpacked ) rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
      }
      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        sqlite3DbFree(db, aRec);
        goto preupdate_old_out;
      }
      p->aRecord = aRec;

SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_count(sqlite3 *db){
  PreUpdate *p;
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
  p = db!=0 ? db->pPreUpdate : 0;
#else
  p = db->pPreUpdate;
#endif
  return (p ? p->pKeyinfo->nKeyField : 0);
}
#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK */

#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
/*
** This function is designed to be called from within a pre-update callback
** only. It returns zero if the change that caused the callback was made

    /* For an INSERT, memory cell p->iNewReg contains the serialized record
    ** that is being inserted. Deserialize it. */
    UnpackedRecord *pUnpack = p->pNewUnpacked;
    if( !pUnpack ){
      Mem *pData = &p->v->aMem[p->iNewReg];
      rc = ExpandBlob(pData);
      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto preupdate_new_out;
      pUnpack = vdbeUnpackRecord(p->pKeyinfo, pData->n, pData->z);
      if( !pUnpack ){
        rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
        goto preupdate_new_out;
      }
      p->pNewUnpacked = pUnpack;
    }
    pMem = &pUnpack->aMem[iStore];

  ** the top of the register space.  Cursor 1 is at Mem[p->nMem-1].
  ** Cursor 2 is at Mem[p->nMem-2]. And so forth.
  */
  Mem *pMem = iCur>0 ? &p->aMem[p->nMem-iCur] : p->aMem;

  i64 nByte;
  VdbeCursor *pCx = 0;
  nByte = SZ_VDBECURSOR(nField);
  assert( ROUND8(nByte)==nByte );
  if( eCurType==CURTYPE_BTREE ) nByte += sqlite3BtreeCursorSize();

  assert( iCur>=0 && iCur<p->nCursor );
  if( p->apCsr[iCur] ){ /*OPTIMIZATION-IF-FALSE*/
    sqlite3VdbeFreeCursorNN(p, p->apCsr[iCur]);
    p->apCsr[iCur] = 0;
  }

  p->apCsr[iCur] = pCx = (VdbeCursor*)pMem->zMalloc;
  memset(pCx, 0, offsetof(VdbeCursor,pAltCursor));
  pCx->eCurType = eCurType;
  pCx->nField = nField;
  pCx->aOffset = &pCx->aType[nField];
  if( eCurType==CURTYPE_BTREE ){
    assert( ROUND8(SZ_VDBECURSOR(nField))==SZ_VDBECURSOR(nField) );
    pCx->uc.pCursor = (BtCursor*)&pMem->z[SZ_VDBECURSOR(nField)];

    sqlite3BtreeCursorZero(pCx->uc.pCursor);
  }
  return pCx;
}

/*
** The string in pRec is known to look like an integer and to have a

  assert( pC->nullRow==0 );
  assert( pC->uc.pCursor!=0 );
  pCrsr = pC->uc.pCursor;

  /* The OP_RowData opcodes always follow OP_NotExists or
  ** OP_SeekRowid or OP_Rewind/Op_Next with no intervening instructions
  ** that might invalidate the cursor.
  ** If this were not the case, one of the following assert()s
  ** would fail.  Should this ever change (because of changes in the code
  ** generator) then the fix would be to insert a call to
  ** sqlite3VdbeCursorMoveto().
  */
  assert( pC->deferredMoveto==0 );
  assert( sqlite3BtreeCursorIsValid(pCrsr) );

  /* Allocate space for (a) the context object and (n-1) extra pointers
  ** to append to the sqlite3_context.argv[1] array, and (b) a memory
  ** cell in which to store the accumulation. Be careful that the memory
  ** cell is 8-byte aligned, even on platforms where a pointer is 32-bits.
  **
  ** Note: We could avoid this by using a regular memory cell from aMem[] for
  ** the accumulator, instead of allocating one here. */
  nAlloc = ROUND8P( SZ_CONTEXT(n) );
  pCtx = sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(db, nAlloc + sizeof(Mem));
  if( pCtx==0 ) goto no_mem;
  pCtx->pOut = (Mem*)((u8*)pCtx + nAlloc);
  assert( EIGHT_BYTE_ALIGNMENT(pCtx->pOut) );

  sqlite3VdbeMemInit(pCtx->pOut, db, MEM_Null);
  pCtx->pMem = 0;

){
  int nAttempt = 0;
  int iCol;               /* Index of zColumn in row-record */
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
  char *zErr = 0;
  Table *pTab;
  Incrblob *pBlob = 0;
  int iDb;
  Parse sParse;

#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
  if( ppBlob==0 ){
    return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
  }
#endif

    }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
    if( pTab && IsView(pTab) ){
      pTab = 0;
      sqlite3ErrorMsg(&sParse, "cannot open view: %s", zTable);
    }
#endif
    if( pTab==0
     || ((iDb = sqlite3SchemaToIndex(db, pTab->pSchema))==1 &&
         sqlite3OpenTempDatabase(&sParse))
    ){
      if( sParse.zErrMsg ){
        sqlite3DbFree(db, zErr);
        zErr = sParse.zErrMsg;
        sParse.zErrMsg = 0;
      }
      rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
      sqlite3BtreeLeaveAll(db);
      goto blob_open_out;
    }
    pBlob->pTab = pTab;
    pBlob->zDb = db->aDb[iDb].zDbSName;

    /* Now search pTab for the exact column. */
    iCol = sqlite3ColumnIndex(pTab, zColumn);
    if( iCol<0 ){
      sqlite3DbFree(db, zErr);
      zErr = sqlite3MPrintf(db, "no such column: \"%s\"", zColumn);
      rc = SQLITE_ERROR;

        /* blobSeekToRow() will initialize r[1] to the desired rowid */
        {OP_NotExists,      0, 5, 1},  /* 2: Seek the cursor to rowid=r[1] */
        {OP_Column,         0, 0, 1},  /* 3  */
        {OP_ResultRow,      1, 0, 0},  /* 4  */
        {OP_Halt,           0, 0, 0},  /* 5  */
      };
      Vdbe *v = (Vdbe *)pBlob->pStmt;

      VdbeOp *aOp;

      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_Transaction, iDb, wrFlag,
                           pTab->pSchema->schema_cookie,
                           pTab->pSchema->iGeneration);
      sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, 1);
      assert( sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)==2 || db->mallocFailed );

  int iMemory;                    /* Offset of free space in list.aMemory */
  int nMemory;                    /* Size of list.aMemory allocation in bytes */
  u8 bUsePMA;                     /* True if one or more PMAs created */
  u8 bUseThreads;                 /* True to use background threads */
  u8 iPrev;                       /* Previous thread used to flush PMA */
  u8 nTask;                       /* Size of aTask[] array */
  u8 typeMask;
  SortSubtask aTask[FLEXARRAY];   /* One or more subtasks */
};

/* Size (in bytes) of a VdbeSorter object that works with N or fewer subtasks */
#define SZ_VDBESORTER(N)  (offsetof(VdbeSorter,aTask)+(N)*sizeof(SortSubtask))

#define SORTER_TYPE_INTEGER 0x01
#define SORTER_TYPE_TEXT    0x02

/*
** An instance of the following object is used to read records out of a
** PMA, in sorted order.  The next key to be read is cached in nKey/aKey.

#endif

  assert( pCsr->pKeyInfo );
  assert( !pCsr->isEphemeral );
  assert( pCsr->eCurType==CURTYPE_SORTER );
  assert( sizeof(KeyInfo) + UMXV(pCsr->pKeyInfo->nKeyField)*sizeof(CollSeq*)
               < 0x7fffffff );
  szKeyInfo = SZ_KEYINFO(pCsr->pKeyInfo->nKeyField+1);
  sz = SZ_VDBESORTER(nWorker+1);

  pSorter = (VdbeSorter*)sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, sz + szKeyInfo);
  pCsr->uc.pSorter = pSorter;
  if( pSorter==0 ){
    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
  }else{
    Btree *pBt = db->aDb[0].pBt;

    }else{
      pNext = p->u.pNext;
    }

    p->u.pNext = 0;
    for(i=0; aSlot[i]; i++){
      p = vdbeSorterMerge(pTask, p, aSlot[i]);
      /* ,--Each aSlot[] holds twice as much as the previous. So we cannot use
      ** |  up all 64 aSlots[] with only a 64-bit address space.
      ** v                                                                */
      assert( i<ArraySize(aSlot) );
      aSlot[i] = 0;
    }
    aSlot[i] = p;
    p = pNext;
  }

  p = 0;

SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3ResolveSelfReference(
  Parse *pParse,   /* Parsing context */
  Table *pTab,     /* The table being referenced, or NULL */
  int type,        /* NC_IsCheck, NC_PartIdx, NC_IdxExpr, NC_GenCol, or 0 */
  Expr *pExpr,     /* Expression to resolve.  May be NULL. */
  ExprList *pList  /* Expression list to resolve.  May be NULL. */
){
  SrcList *pSrc;                  /* Fake SrcList for pParse->pNewTable */
  NameContext sNC;                /* Name context for pParse->pNewTable */
  int rc;
  u8 srcSpace[SZ_SRCLIST_1];     /* Memory space for the fake SrcList */

  assert( type==0 || pTab!=0 );
  assert( type==NC_IsCheck || type==NC_PartIdx || type==NC_IdxExpr
          || type==NC_GenCol || pTab==0 );
  memset(&sNC, 0, sizeof(sNC));
  pSrc = (SrcList*)srcSpace;
  memset(pSrc, 0, SZ_SRCLIST_1);
  if( pTab ){
    pSrc->nSrc = 1;
    pSrc->a[0].zName = pTab->zName;
    pSrc->a[0].pSTab = pTab;
    pSrc->a[0].iCursor = -1;
    if( pTab->pSchema!=pParse->db->aDb[1].pSchema ){
      /* Cause EP_FromDDL to be set on TK_FUNCTION nodes of non-TEMP
      ** schema elements */
      type |= NC_FromDDL;
    }
  }
  sNC.pParse = pParse;
  sNC.pSrcList = pSrc;
  sNC.ncFlags = type | NC_IsDDL;
  if( (rc = sqlite3ResolveExprNames(&sNC, pExpr))!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;
  if( pList ) rc = sqlite3ResolveExprListNames(&sNC, pList);
  return rc;
}

/************** End of resolve.c *********************************************/

** argument. If an OOM condition is encountered, NULL is returned
** and the db->mallocFailed flag set.
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CTE
SQLITE_PRIVATE With *sqlite3WithDup(sqlite3 *db, With *p){
  With *pRet = 0;
  if( p ){
    sqlite3_int64 nByte = SZ_WITH(p->nCte);
    pRet = sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, nByte);
    if( pRet ){
      int i;
      pRet->nCte = p->nCte;
      for(i=0; i<p->nCte; i++){
        pRet->a[i].pSelect = sqlite3SelectDup(db, p->a[i].pSelect, 0);
        pRet->a[i].pCols = sqlite3ExprListDup(db, p->a[i].pCols, 0);

** called with a NULL argument.
*/
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW) || !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER) \
 || !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY)
SQLITE_PRIVATE SrcList *sqlite3SrcListDup(sqlite3 *db, const SrcList *p, int flags){
  SrcList *pNew;
  int i;

  assert( db!=0 );
  if( p==0 ) return 0;

  pNew = sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(db, SZ_SRCLIST(p->nSrc) );
  if( pNew==0 ) return 0;
  pNew->nSrc = pNew->nAlloc = p->nSrc;
  for(i=0; i<p->nSrc; i++){
    SrcItem *pNewItem = &pNew->a[i];
    const SrcItem *pOldItem = &p->a[i];
    Table *pTab;
    pNewItem->fg = pOldItem->fg;

  return pNew;
}
SQLITE_PRIVATE IdList *sqlite3IdListDup(sqlite3 *db, const IdList *p){
  IdList *pNew;
  int i;
  assert( db!=0 );
  if( p==0 ) return 0;
  pNew = sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(db, SZ_IDLIST(p->nId));
  if( pNew==0 ) return 0;
  pNew->nId = p->nId;
  for(i=0; i<p->nId; i++){
    struct IdList_item *pNewItem = &pNew->a[i];
    const struct IdList_item *pOldItem = &p->a[i];
    pNewItem->zName = sqlite3DbStrDup(db, pOldItem->zName);
  }

SQLITE_PRIVATE SQLITE_NOINLINE ExprList *sqlite3ExprListAppendNew(
  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle.  Used for memory allocation */
  Expr *pExpr             /* Expression to be appended. Might be NULL */
){
  struct ExprList_item *pItem;
  ExprList *pList;

  pList = sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(db, SZ_EXPRLIST(4));
  if( pList==0 ){
    sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pExpr);
    return 0;
  }
  pList->nAlloc = 4;
  pList->nExpr = 1;
  pItem = &pList->a[0];
  *pItem = zeroItem;
  pItem->pExpr = pExpr;
  return pList;
}
SQLITE_PRIVATE SQLITE_NOINLINE ExprList *sqlite3ExprListAppendGrow(
  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle.  Used for memory allocation */
  ExprList *pList,        /* List to which to append. Might be NULL */
  Expr *pExpr             /* Expression to be appended. Might be NULL */
){
  struct ExprList_item *pItem;
  ExprList *pNew;
  pList->nAlloc *= 2;
  pNew = sqlite3DbRealloc(db, pList, SZ_EXPRLIST(pList->nAlloc));

  if( pNew==0 ){
    sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pList);
    sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pExpr);
    return 0;
  }else{
    pList = pNew;
  }

    return target;
  }
  return -1;  /* Not found */
}


/*
** Expression pExpr is guaranteed to be a TK_COLUMN or equivalent. This
** function checks the Parse.pIdxPartExpr list to see if this column
** can be replaced with a constant value. If so, it generates code to
** put the constant value in a register (ideally, but not necessarily,
** register iTarget) and returns the register number.
**
** Or, if the TK_COLUMN cannot be replaced by a constant, zero is
** returned.

  Parse *p,                       /* Memory to use for Parse object */
  const char *zDb,                /* Name of schema SQL belongs to */
  sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
  const char *zSql,               /* SQL to parse */
  int bTemp                       /* True if SQL is from temp schema */
){
  int rc;
  u64 flags;

  sqlite3ParseObjectInit(p, db);
  if( zSql==0 ){
    return SQLITE_NOMEM;
  }
  if( sqlite3StrNICmp(zSql,"CREATE ",7)!=0 ){
    return SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
  }
  if( bTemp ){
    db->init.iDb = 1;
  }else{
    int iDb = sqlite3FindDbName(db, zDb);
    assert( iDb>=0 && iDb<=0xff );
    db->init.iDb = (u8)iDb;
  }
  p->eParseMode = PARSE_MODE_RENAME;
  p->db = db;
  p->nQueryLoop = 1;
  flags = db->flags;
  testcase( (db->flags & SQLITE_Comments)==0 && strstr(zSql," /* ")!=0 );
  db->flags |= SQLITE_Comments;
  rc = sqlite3RunParser(p, zSql);
  db->flags = flags;
  if( db->mallocFailed ) rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK
   && NEVER(p->pNewTable==0 && p->pNewIndex==0 && p->pNewTrigger==0)
  ){
    rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
  }

  if( zDb && zInput ){
    int rc;
    Parse sParse;
    u64 flags = db->flags;
    if( bNoDQS ) db->flags &= ~(SQLITE_DqsDML|SQLITE_DqsDDL);
    rc = renameParseSql(&sParse, zDb, db, zInput, bTemp);
    db->flags = flags;
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      if( isLegacy==0 && sParse.pNewTable && IsView(sParse.pNewTable) ){
        NameContext sNC;
        memset(&sNC, 0, sizeof(sNC));
        sNC.pParse = &sParse;
        sqlite3SelectPrep(&sParse, sParse.pNewTable->u.view.pSelect, &sNC);
        if( sParse.nErr ) rc = sParse.rc;

    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
        "number of columns in foreign key does not match the number of "
        "columns in the referenced table");
    goto fk_end;
  }else{
    nCol = pFromCol->nExpr;
  }
  nByte = SZ_FKEY(nCol) + pTo->n + 1;
  if( pToCol ){
    for(i=0; i<pToCol->nExpr; i++){
      nByte += sqlite3Strlen30(pToCol->a[i].zEName) + 1;
    }
  }
  pFKey = sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, nByte );
  if( pFKey==0 ){

**
** A new IdList is returned, or NULL if malloc() fails.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE IdList *sqlite3IdListAppend(Parse *pParse, IdList *pList, Token *pToken){
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
  int i;
  if( pList==0 ){
    pList = sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, SZ_IDLIST(1));
    if( pList==0 ) return 0;
  }else{
    IdList *pNew;
    pNew = sqlite3DbRealloc(db, pList, SZ_IDLIST(pList->nId+1));

    if( pNew==0 ){
      sqlite3IdListDelete(db, pList);
      return 0;
    }
    pList = pNew;
  }
  i = pList->nId++;

    if( pSrc->nSrc+nExtra>=SQLITE_MAX_SRCLIST ){
      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "too many FROM clause terms, max: %d",
                      SQLITE_MAX_SRCLIST);
      return 0;
    }
    if( nAlloc>SQLITE_MAX_SRCLIST ) nAlloc = SQLITE_MAX_SRCLIST;
    pNew = sqlite3DbRealloc(db, pSrc, SZ_SRCLIST(nAlloc));

    if( pNew==0 ){
      assert( db->mallocFailed );
      return 0;
    }
    pSrc = pNew;
    pSrc->nAlloc = nAlloc;
  }

  SrcItem *pItem;
  sqlite3 *db;
  assert( pDatabase==0 || pTable!=0 );  /* Cannot have C without B */
  assert( pParse!=0 );
  assert( pParse->db!=0 );
  db = pParse->db;
  if( pList==0 ){
    pList = sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(pParse->db, SZ_SRCLIST(1));
    if( pList==0 ) return 0;
    pList->nAlloc = 1;
    pList->nSrc = 1;
    memset(&pList->a[0], 0, sizeof(pList->a[0]));
    pList->a[0].iCursor = -1;
  }else{
    SrcList *pNew = sqlite3SrcListEnlarge(pParse, pList, 1, pList->nSrc);

      if( sqlite3StrICmp(zName, pWith->a[i].zName)==0 ){
        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "duplicate WITH table name: %s", zName);
      }
    }
  }

  if( pWith ){

    pNew = sqlite3DbRealloc(db, pWith, SZ_WITH(pWith->nCte+1));
  }else{
    pNew = sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, SZ_WITH(1));
  }
  assert( (pNew!=0 && zName!=0) || db->mallocFailed );

  if( db->mallocFailed ){
    sqlite3CteDelete(db, pCte);
    pNew = pWith;
  }else{

/*
** Routines used to compute the sum, average, and total.
**
** The SUM() function follows the (broken) SQL standard which means
** that it returns NULL if it sums over no inputs.  TOTAL returns
** 0.0 in that case.  In addition, TOTAL always returns a float where
** SUM might return an integer if it never encounters a floating point
** value.  TOTAL never fails, but SUM might throw an exception if
** it overflows an integer.
*/
static void sumStep(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  SumCtx *p;
  int type;
  assert( argc==1 );
  UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);

  /*   9 */ "name",
  /*  10 */ "type",
  /*  11 */ "notnull",
  /*  12 */ "dflt_value",
  /*  13 */ "pk",
  /*  14 */ "hidden",
                           /* table_info reuses 8 */
  /*  15 */ "name",        /* Used by: function_list */
  /*  16 */ "builtin",
  /*  17 */ "type",
  /*  18 */ "enc",
  /*  19 */ "narg",
  /*  20 */ "flags",
  /*  21 */ "schema",      /* Used by: table_list */
  /*  22 */ "name",
  /*  23 */ "type",
  /*  24 */ "ncol",
  /*  25 */ "wr",
  /*  26 */ "strict",
  /*  27 */ "seqno",       /* Used by: index_xinfo */
  /*  28 */ "cid",
  /*  29 */ "name",
  /*  30 */ "desc",
  /*  31 */ "coll",
  /*  32 */ "key",
  /*  33 */ "seq",         /* Used by: index_list */
  /*  34 */ "name",
  /*  35 */ "unique",
  /*  36 */ "origin",
  /*  37 */ "partial",
  /*  38 */ "tbl",         /* Used by: stats */
  /*  39 */ "idx",
  /*  40 */ "wdth",
  /*  41 */ "hght",
  /*  42 */ "flgs",
  /*  43 */ "table",       /* Used by: foreign_key_check */
  /*  44 */ "rowid",
  /*  45 */ "parent",
  /*  46 */ "fkid",

  /*  47 */ "busy",        /* Used by: wal_checkpoint */
  /*  48 */ "log",
  /*  49 */ "checkpointed",
  /*  50 */ "seq",         /* Used by: database_list */
  /*  51 */ "name",
  /*  52 */ "file",
                           /* index_info reuses 27 */
  /*  53 */ "database",    /* Used by: lock_status */
  /*  54 */ "status",
                           /* collation_list reuses 33 */
  /*  55 */ "cache_size",  /* Used by: default_cache_size */
                           /* module_list pragma_list reuses 9 */
  /*  56 */ "timeout",     /* Used by: busy_timeout */
};

/* Definitions of all built-in pragmas */
typedef struct PragmaName {

  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ SQLITE_CkptFullFSync },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "collation_list",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_COLLATION_LIST,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 33, 2,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS)
 {/* zName:     */ "compile_options",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_COMPILE_OPTIONS,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,

  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ BTREE_DATA_VERSION },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "database_list",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_DATABASE_LIST,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 50, 3,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_PAGER_PRAGMAS) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED)
 {/* zName:     */ "default_cache_size",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_SchemaReq|PragFlg_NoColumns1,
  /* ColNames:  */ 55, 1,

  /* iArg:      */ SQLITE_FullFSync },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS)
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_INTROSPECTION_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "function_list",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_FUNCTION_LIST,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 15, 6,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#endif
 {/* zName:     */ "hard_heap_limit",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_HARD_HEAP_LIMIT,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,

  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "index_info",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_INDEX_INFO,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result1|PragFlg_SchemaOpt,
  /* ColNames:  */ 27, 3,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
 {/* zName:     */ "index_list",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_INDEX_LIST,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result1|PragFlg_SchemaOpt,
  /* ColNames:  */ 33, 5,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
 {/* zName:     */ "index_xinfo",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_INDEX_INFO,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result1|PragFlg_SchemaOpt,
  /* ColNames:  */ 27, 6,
  /* iArg:      */ 1 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_INTEGRITY_CHECK)
 {/* zName:     */ "integrity_check",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_INTEGRITY_CHECK,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_Result1|PragFlg_SchemaOpt,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,

  /* iArg:      */ SQLITE_SqlTrace },
#endif
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS) && defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
 {/* zName:     */ "stats",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_STATS,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_SchemaReq,
  /* ColNames:  */ 38, 5,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_PAGER_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "synchronous",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_SYNCHRONOUS,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_SchemaReq|PragFlg_NoColumns1,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "table_info",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_TABLE_INFO,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result1|PragFlg_SchemaOpt,
  /* ColNames:  */ 8, 6,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
 {/* zName:     */ "table_list",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_TABLE_LIST,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result1,
  /* ColNames:  */ 21, 6,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
 {/* zName:     */ "table_xinfo",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_TABLE_INFO,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result1|PragFlg_SchemaOpt,
  /* ColNames:  */ 8, 7,
  /* iArg:      */ 1 },
#endif

  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ 0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
 {/* zName:     */ "wal_checkpoint",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_WAL_CHECKPOINT,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema,
  /* ColNames:  */ 47, 3,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_FLAG_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "writable_schema",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_FLAG,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_NoColumns1,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,

/*
** When the 0x10 bit of PRAGMA optimize is set, any ANALYZE commands
** will be run with an analysis_limit set to the lessor of the value of
** the following macro or to the actual analysis_limit if it is non-zero,
** in order to prevent PRAGMA optimize from running for too long.
**
** The value of 2000 is chosen empirically so that the worst-case run-time
** for PRAGMA optimize does not exceed 100 milliseconds against a variety
** of test databases on a RaspberryPI-4 compiled using -Os and without
** -DSQLITE_DEBUG.  Of course, your mileage may vary.  For the purpose of
** this paragraph, "worst-case" means that ANALYZE ends up being
** run on every table in the database.  The worst case typically only
** happens if PRAGMA optimize is run on a database file for which ANALYZE
** has not been previously run and the 0x10000 flag is included so that

  pNew->selFlags = selFlags;
  pNew->iLimit = 0;
  pNew->iOffset = 0;
  pNew->selId = ++pParse->nSelect;
  pNew->addrOpenEphm[0] = -1;
  pNew->addrOpenEphm[1] = -1;
  pNew->nSelectRow = 0;
  if( pSrc==0 ) pSrc = sqlite3DbMallocZero(pParse->db, SZ_SRCLIST_1);
  pNew->pSrc = pSrc;
  pNew->pWhere = pWhere;
  pNew->pGroupBy = pGroupBy;
  pNew->pHaving = pHaving;
  pNew->pOrderBy = pOrderBy;
  pNew->pPrior = 0;
  pNew->pNext = 0;

}

/*
** Allocate a KeyInfo object sufficient for an index of N key columns and
** X extra columns.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE KeyInfo *sqlite3KeyInfoAlloc(sqlite3 *db, int N, int X){
  int nExtra = (N+X)*(sizeof(CollSeq*)+1);
  KeyInfo *p = sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(db, SZ_KEYINFO(0) + nExtra);
  if( p ){
    p->aSortFlags = (u8*)&p->aColl[N+X];
    p->nKeyField = (u16)N;
    p->nAllField = (u16)(N+X);
    p->enc = ENC(db);
    p->db = db;
    p->nRef = 1;
    memset(p->aColl, 0, nExtra);
  }else{
    return (KeyInfo*)sqlite3OomFault(db);
  }
  return p;
}

/*

    /* Renumber selId because it has been copied from a view */
    p->selId = ++pParse->nSelect;
  }
  pTabList = p->pSrc;
  pEList = p->pEList;
  if( pParse->pWith && (p->selFlags & SF_View) ){
    if( p->pWith==0 ){
      p->pWith = (With*)sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, SZ_WITH(1) );
      if( p->pWith==0 ){
        return WRC_Abort;
      }
    }
    p->pWith->bView = 1;
  }
  sqlite3WithPush(pParse, p->pWith, 0);

** The transformation only works if all of the following are true:
**
**   *  The subquery is a UNION ALL of two or more terms
**   *  The subquery does not have a LIMIT clause
**   *  There is no WHERE or GROUP BY or HAVING clauses on the subqueries
**   *  The outer query is a simple count(*) with no WHERE clause or other
**      extraneous syntax.
**   *  None of the subqueries are DISTINCT (forumpost/a860f5fb2e 2025-03-10)
**
** Return TRUE if the optimization is undertaken.
*/
static int countOfViewOptimization(Parse *pParse, Select *p){
  Select *pSub, *pPrior;
  Expr *pExpr;
  Expr *pCount;

  pSub = pFrom->u4.pSubq->pSelect;
  if( pSub->pPrior==0 ) return 0;                   /* Must be a compound */
  if( pSub->selFlags & SF_CopyCte ) return 0;       /* Not a CTE */
  do{
    if( pSub->op!=TK_ALL && pSub->pPrior ) return 0;  /* Must be UNION ALL */
    if( pSub->pWhere ) return 0;                      /* No WHERE clause */
    if( pSub->pLimit ) return 0;                      /* No LIMIT clause */
    if( pSub->selFlags & (SF_Aggregate|SF_Distinct) ){
       testcase( pSub->selFlags & SF_Aggregate );
       testcase( pSub->selFlags & SF_Distinct );
       return 0;     /* Not an aggregate nor DISTINCT */
    }
    assert( pSub->pHaving==0 );  /* Due to the previous */
    pSub = pSub->pPrior;                              /* Repeat over compound */
  }while( pSub );

  /* If we reach this point then it is OK to perform the transformation */

  db = pParse->db;
  pCount = pExpr;
  pExpr = 0;
  pSub = sqlite3SubqueryDetach(db, pFrom);
  sqlite3SrcListDelete(db, p->pSrc);
  p->pSrc = sqlite3DbMallocZero(pParse->db, SZ_SRCLIST_1);
  while( pSub ){
    Expr *pTerm;
    pPrior = pSub->pPrior;
    pSub->pPrior = 0;
    pSub->pNext = 0;
    pSub->selFlags |= SF_Aggregate;
    pSub->selFlags &= ~(u32)SF_Compound;

  int regIn            /* The first in an array of registers */
){
  Vdbe *v = pParse->pVdbe;
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
  ExprList *pNew;
  Returning *pReturning;
  Select sSelect;
  SrcList *pFrom;
  u8 fromSpace[SZ_SRCLIST_1];

  assert( v!=0 );
  if( !pParse->bReturning ){
    /* This RETURNING trigger must be for a different statement as
    ** this statement lacks a RETURNING clause. */
    return;
  }
  assert( db->pParse==pParse );
  assert( !pParse->isCreate );
  pReturning = pParse->u1.d.pReturning;
  if( pTrigger != &(pReturning->retTrig) ){
    /* This RETURNING trigger is for a different statement */
    return;
  }
  memset(&sSelect, 0, sizeof(sSelect));
  pFrom = (SrcList*)fromSpace;
  memset(pFrom, 0, SZ_SRCLIST_1);
  sSelect.pEList = sqlite3ExprListDup(db, pReturning->pReturnEL, 0);
  sSelect.pSrc = pFrom;
  pFrom->nSrc = 1;
  pFrom->a[0].pSTab = pTab;
  pFrom->a[0].zName = pTab->zName; /* tag-20240424-1 */
  pFrom->a[0].iCursor = -1;
  sqlite3SelectPrep(pParse, &sSelect, 0);
  if( pParse->nErr==0 ){
    assert( db->mallocFailed==0 );
    sqlite3GenerateColumnNames(pParse, &sSelect);
  }
  sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, sSelect.pEList);
  pNew = sqlite3ExpandReturning(pParse, pReturning->pReturnEL, pTab);

  ** restored before returning. Then set the writable-schema flag, and
  ** disable CHECK and foreign key constraints.  */
  saved_flags = db->flags;
  saved_mDbFlags = db->mDbFlags;
  saved_nChange = db->nChange;
  saved_nTotalChange = db->nTotalChange;
  saved_mTrace = db->mTrace;
  db->flags |= SQLITE_WriteSchema | SQLITE_IgnoreChecks | SQLITE_Comments;
  db->mDbFlags |= DBFLAG_PreferBuiltin | DBFLAG_Vacuum;
  db->flags &= ~(u64)(SQLITE_ForeignKeys | SQLITE_ReverseOrder
                   | SQLITE_Defensive | SQLITE_CountRows);
  db->mTrace = 0;

  zDbMain = db->aDb[iDb].zDbSName;
  pMain = db->aDb[iDb].pBt;

  int iTop;                 /* The very beginning of the WHERE loop */
  int iEndWhere;            /* End of the WHERE clause itself */
  WhereLoop *pLoops;        /* List of all WhereLoop objects */
  WhereMemBlock *pMemToFree;/* Memory to free when this object destroyed */
  Bitmask revMask;          /* Mask of ORDER BY terms that need reversing */
  WhereClause sWC;          /* Decomposition of the WHERE clause */
  WhereMaskSet sMaskSet;    /* Map cursor numbers to bitmasks */
  WhereLevel a[FLEXARRAY];  /* Information about each nest loop in WHERE */
};

/*
** The size (in bytes) of a WhereInfo object that holds N WhereLevels.
*/
#define SZ_WHEREINFO(N) ROUND8(offsetof(WhereInfo,a)+(N)*sizeof(WhereLevel))

/*
** Private interfaces - callable only by other where.c routines.
**
** where.c:
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE Bitmask sqlite3WhereGetMask(WhereMaskSet*,int);
#ifdef WHERETRACE_ENABLED

    ** by this loop in the a[0] slot and all notReady tables in a[1..] slots.
    ** This becomes the SrcList in the recursive call to sqlite3WhereBegin().
    */
    if( pWInfo->nLevel>1 ){
      int nNotReady;                 /* The number of notReady tables */
      SrcItem *origSrc;              /* Original list of tables */
      nNotReady = pWInfo->nLevel - iLevel - 1;
      pOrTab = sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(db, SZ_SRCLIST(nNotReady+1));

      if( pOrTab==0 ) return notReady;
      pOrTab->nAlloc = (u8)(nNotReady + 1);
      pOrTab->nSrc = pOrTab->nAlloc;
      memcpy(pOrTab->a, pTabItem, sizeof(*pTabItem));
      origSrc = pWInfo->pTabList->a;
      for(k=1; k<=nNotReady; k++){
        memcpy(&pOrTab->a[k], &origSrc[pLevel[k].iFrom], sizeof(pOrTab->a[k]));

  Vdbe *v = pParse->pVdbe;
  WhereRightJoin *pRJ = pLevel->pRJ;
  Expr *pSubWhere = 0;
  WhereClause *pWC = &pWInfo->sWC;
  WhereInfo *pSubWInfo;
  WhereLoop *pLoop = pLevel->pWLoop;
  SrcItem *pTabItem = &pWInfo->pTabList->a[pLevel->iFrom];
  SrcList *pFrom;
  u8 fromSpace[SZ_SRCLIST_1];
  Bitmask mAll = 0;
  int k;

  ExplainQueryPlan((pParse, 1, "RIGHT-JOIN %s", pTabItem->pSTab->zName));
  sqlite3VdbeNoJumpsOutsideSubrtn(v, pRJ->addrSubrtn, pRJ->endSubrtn,
                                  pRJ->regReturn);
  for(k=0; k<iLevel; k++){

      }
      if( pTerm->prereqAll & ~mAll ) continue;
      if( ExprHasProperty(pTerm->pExpr, EP_OuterON|EP_InnerON) ) continue;
      pSubWhere = sqlite3ExprAnd(pParse, pSubWhere,
                                 sqlite3ExprDup(pParse->db, pTerm->pExpr, 0));
    }
  }
  pFrom = (SrcList*)fromSpace;
  pFrom->nSrc = 1;
  pFrom->nAlloc = 1;
  memcpy(&pFrom->a[0], pTabItem, sizeof(SrcItem));
  pFrom->a[0].fg.jointype = 0;
  assert( pParse->withinRJSubrtn < 100 );
  pParse->withinRJSubrtn++;
  pSubWInfo = sqlite3WhereBegin(pParse, pFrom, pSubWhere, 0, 0, 0,
                                WHERE_RIGHT_JOIN, 0);
  if( pSubWInfo ){
    int iCur = pLevel->iTabCur;
    int r = ++pParse->nMem;
    int nPk;
    int jmp;
    int addrCont = sqlite3WhereContinueLabel(pSubWInfo);

typedef struct HiddenIndexInfo HiddenIndexInfo;
struct HiddenIndexInfo {
  WhereClause *pWC;        /* The Where clause being analyzed */
  Parse *pParse;           /* The parsing context */
  int eDistinct;           /* Value to return from sqlite3_vtab_distinct() */
  u32 mIn;                 /* Mask of terms that are <col> IN (...) */
  u32 mHandleIn;           /* Terms that vtab will handle as <col> IN (...) */
  sqlite3_value *aRhs[FLEXARRAY];  /* RHS values for constraints. MUST BE LAST
                                   ** Extra space is allocated to hold up
                                   ** to nTerm such values */
};

/* Size (in bytes) of a HiddenIndeInfo object sufficient to hold as
** many as N constraints */
#define SZ_HIDDENINDEXINFO(N) \
                  (offsetof(HiddenIndexInfo,aRhs) + (N)*sizeof(sqlite3_value*))

/* Forward declaration of methods */
static int whereLoopResize(sqlite3*, WhereLoop*, int);

/*
** Return the estimated number of output rows from a WHERE clause
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE LogEst sqlite3WhereOutputRowCount(WhereInfo *pWInfo){

    }
  }

  /* Allocate the sqlite3_index_info structure
  */
  pIdxInfo = sqlite3DbMallocZero(pParse->db, sizeof(*pIdxInfo)
                           + (sizeof(*pIdxCons) + sizeof(*pUsage))*nTerm
                           + sizeof(*pIdxOrderBy)*nOrderBy
                           + SZ_HIDDENINDEXINFO(nTerm) );
  if( pIdxInfo==0 ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "out of memory");
    return 0;
  }
  pHidden = (struct HiddenIndexInfo*)&pIdxInfo[1];
  pIdxCons = (struct sqlite3_index_constraint*)&pHidden->aRhs[nTerm];
  pIdxOrderBy = (struct sqlite3_index_orderby*)&pIdxCons[nTerm];

  /* Allocate and initialize the WhereInfo structure that will become the
  ** return value. A single allocation is used to store the WhereInfo
  ** struct, the contents of WhereInfo.a[], the WhereClause structure
  ** and the WhereMaskSet structure. Since WhereClause contains an 8-byte
  ** field (type Bitmask) it must be aligned on an 8-byte boundary on
  ** some architectures. Hence the ROUND8() below.
  */
  nByteWInfo = SZ_WHEREINFO(nTabList);



  pWInfo = sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(db, nByteWInfo + sizeof(WhereLoop));
  if( db->mallocFailed ){
    sqlite3DbFree(db, pWInfo);
    pWInfo = 0;
    goto whereBeginError;
  }
  pWInfo->pParse = pParse;

      }else if( tokenType==TK_OVER ){
        assert( n==4 );
        tokenType = analyzeOverKeyword((const u8*)&zSql[4], lastTokenParsed);
      }else if( tokenType==TK_FILTER ){
        assert( n==6 );
        tokenType = analyzeFilterKeyword((const u8*)&zSql[6], lastTokenParsed);
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC */
      }else if( tokenType==TK_COMMENT
             && (db->init.busy || (db->flags & SQLITE_Comments)!=0)
      ){
        /* Ignore SQL comments if either (1) we are reparsing the schema or
        ** (2) SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_COMMENTS is turned on (the default). */
        zSql += n;
        continue;
      }else if( tokenType!=TK_QNUMBER ){
        Token x;
        x.z = zSql;
        x.n = n;
        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "unrecognized token: \"%T\"", &x);

    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      rc = sqlite3MemdbInit();
    }
#endif
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      sqlite3PCacheBufferSetup( sqlite3GlobalConfig.pPage,
          sqlite3GlobalConfig.szPage, sqlite3GlobalConfig.nPage);
#ifdef SQLITE_EXTRA_INIT_MUTEXED
      {
        int SQLITE_EXTRA_INIT_MUTEXED(const char*);
        rc = SQLITE_EXTRA_INIT_MUTEXED(0);
      }
#endif
    }
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      sqlite3MemoryBarrier();
      sqlite3GlobalConfig.isInit = 1;
#ifdef SQLITE_EXTRA_INIT
      bRunExtraInit = 1;
#endif
    }
    sqlite3GlobalConfig.inProgress = 0;

    Btree *pBt = db->aDb[iDb].pBt;
    if( pBt ){
      sqlite3_file *fd = sqlite3PagerFile(sqlite3BtreePager(pBt));
      sqlite3OsFileControlHint(fd, SQLITE_FCNTL_BLOCK_ON_CONNECT, (void*)&bBOC);
    }
  }
  sqlite3BtreeLeaveAll(db);
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR) && !defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SETLK_TIMEOUT)
  UNUSED_PARAMETER(db);
  UNUSED_PARAMETER(flags);
#endif
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

/*
** Cause any pending operation to stop at its earliest opportunity.
*/

      return SQLITE_OK;
    }
  }else if( pData==0 ){
    sqlite3_mutex_leave(db->mutex);
    return SQLITE_OK;
  }else{
    size_t n = strlen(zName);
    p = sqlite3_malloc64( SZ_DBCLIENTDATA(n+1) );
    if( p==0 ){
      if( xDestructor ) xDestructor(pData);
      sqlite3_mutex_leave(db->mutex);
      return SQLITE_NOMEM;
    }
    memcpy(p->zName, zName, n+1);
    p->pNext = db->pDbData;

      break;
    }
#endif

    /*  sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FK_NO_ACTION, sqlite3 *db, int b);
    **
    ** If b is true, then activate the SQLITE_FkNoAction setting.  If b is
    ** false then clear that setting.  If the SQLITE_FkNoAction setting is
    ** enabled, all foreign key ON DELETE and ON UPDATE actions behave as if
    ** they were NO ACTION, regardless of how they are defined.
    **
    ** NB:  One must usually run "PRAGMA writable_schema=RESET" after
    ** using this test-control, before it will take full effect.  failing
    ** to reset the schema can result in some unexpected behavior.
    */
    case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FK_NO_ACTION: {

**   }
**   varint POS_END;        (marks end of positions for this document.
** }
**
** Here, array { X } means zero or more occurrences of X, adjacent in
** memory.  A "position" is an index of a token in the token stream
** generated by the tokenizer. Note that POS_END and POS_COLUMN occur
** in the same logical place as the position element, and act as sentinels
** ending a position list array.  POS_END is 0.  POS_COLUMN is 1.
** The positions numbers are not stored literally but rather as two more
** than the difference from the prior position, or the just the position plus
** 2 for the first position.  Example:
**
**   label:       A B C D E  F  G H   I  J K
**   value:     123 5 9 1 1 14 35 0 234 72 0

# define TESTONLY(X)
#endif

#define LARGEST_INT64  (0xffffffff|(((i64)0x7fffffff)<<32))
#define SMALLEST_INT64 (((i64)-1) - LARGEST_INT64)

#define deliberate_fall_through

/*
** Macros needed to provide flexible arrays in a portable way
*/
#ifndef offsetof
# define offsetof(STRUCTURE,FIELD) ((size_t)((char*)&((STRUCTURE*)0)->FIELD))
#endif
#if defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L)
# define FLEXARRAY
#else
# define FLEXARRAY 1
#endif


#endif /* SQLITE_AMALGAMATION */

#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3Fts3Corrupt(void);
# define FTS_CORRUPT_VTAB sqlite3Fts3Corrupt()
#else

  ** verifying the operation of the SQLite core.
  */
  int inTransaction;     /* True after xBegin but before xCommit/xRollback */
  int mxSavepoint;       /* Largest valid xSavepoint integer */
#endif

#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_TEST)
  /* True to disable the incremental doclist optimization. This is controlled
  ** by special insert command 'test-no-incr-doclist'.  */
  int bNoIncrDoclist;

  /* Number of segments in a level */
  int nMergeCount;
#endif
};

#define FTS3_EVAL_FILTER    0
#define FTS3_EVAL_NEXT      1
#define FTS3_EVAL_MATCHINFO 2

/*
** The Fts3Cursor.eSearch member is always set to one of the following.
** Actually, Fts3Cursor.eSearch can be greater than or equal to
** FTS3_FULLTEXT_SEARCH.  If so, then Fts3Cursor.eSearch - 2 is the index
** of the column to be searched.  For example, in
**
**     CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ex1 USING fts3(a,b,c,d);
**     SELECT docid FROM ex1 WHERE b MATCH 'one two three';
**
** Because the LHS of the MATCH operator is 2nd column "b",

  i64 iOrDocid;

  /* Variables below this point are populated by fts3_expr.c when parsing
  ** a MATCH expression. Everything above is part of the evaluation phase.
  */
  int nToken;                /* Number of tokens in the phrase */
  int iColumn;               /* Index of column this phrase must match */
  Fts3PhraseToken aToken[FLEXARRAY]; /* One for each token in the phrase */
};

/* Size (in bytes) of an Fts3Phrase object large enough to hold N tokens */
#define SZ_FTS3PHRASE(N) \
  (offsetof(Fts3Phrase,aToken)+(N)*sizeof(Fts3PhraseToken))

/*
** A tree of these objects forms the RHS of a MATCH operator.
**
** If Fts3Expr.eType is FTSQUERY_PHRASE and isLoaded is true, then aDoclist
** points to a malloced buffer, size nDoclist bytes, containing the results
** of this phrase query in FTS3 doclist format. As usual, the initial

  ** be larger in the output than it was in the input (since the delta value
  ** may be a larger positive integer than the actual docid).
  **
  ** The space required to store the output is therefore the sum of the
  ** sizes of the two inputs, plus enough space for exactly one of the input
  ** docids to grow.
  **
  ** A symmetric argument may be made if the doclists are in descending
  ** order.
  */
  aOut = sqlite3_malloc64((i64)n1+n2+FTS3_VARINT_MAX-1+FTS3_BUFFER_PADDING);
  if( !aOut ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;

  p = aOut;
  fts3GetDeltaVarint3(&p1, pEnd1, 0, &i1);

/*
** The phrase iterator passed as the second argument:
**
**   * features at least one token that uses an incremental doclist, and
**
**   * does not contain any deferred tokens.
**
** Advance it to the next matching document in the database and populate
** the Fts3Doclist.pList and nList fields.
**
** If there is no "next" entry and no error occurs, then *pbEof is set to
** 1 before returning. Otherwise, if no error occurs and the iterator is
** successfully advanced, *pbEof is set to 0.
**
** If an error occurs, return an SQLite error code. Otherwise, return

    pCsr->isEof = 1;
  }

  return rc;
}

/*
** Restart iteration for expression pExpr so that the next call to
** fts3EvalNext() visits the first row. Do not allow incremental
** loading or merging of phrase doclists for this iteration.
**
** If *pRc is other than SQLITE_OK when this function is called, it is
** a no-op. If an error occurs within this function, *pRc is set to an
** SQLite error code before returning.
*/

}

/*
** Function getNextNode(), which is called by fts3ExprParse(), may itself
** call fts3ExprParse(). So this forward declaration is required.
*/
static int fts3ExprParse(ParseContext *, const char *, int, Fts3Expr **, int *);

/*
** Search buffer z[], size n, for a '"' character. Or, if enable_parenthesis
** is defined, search for '(' and ')' as well. Return the index of the first
** such character in the buffer. If there is no such character, return -1.
*/
static int findBarredChar(const char *z, int n){
  int ii;
  for(ii=0; ii<n; ii++){
    if( (z[ii]=='"')
     || (sqlite3_fts3_enable_parentheses && (z[ii]=='(' || z[ii]==')'))
    ){
      return ii;
    }
  }
  return -1;
}

/*
** Extract the next token from buffer z (length n) using the tokenizer
** and other information (column names etc.) in pParse. Create an Fts3Expr
** structure of type FTSQUERY_PHRASE containing a phrase consisting of this
** single token and set *ppExpr to point to it. If the end of the buffer is
** reached before a token is found, set *ppExpr to zero. It is the

  int *pnConsumed                         /* OUT: Number of bytes consumed */
){
  sqlite3_tokenizer *pTokenizer = pParse->pTokenizer;
  sqlite3_tokenizer_module const *pModule = pTokenizer->pModule;
  int rc;
  sqlite3_tokenizer_cursor *pCursor;
  Fts3Expr *pRet = 0;








  *pnConsumed = n;
  rc = sqlite3Fts3OpenTokenizer(pTokenizer, pParse->iLangid, z, n, &pCursor);
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    const char *zToken;
    int nToken = 0, iStart = 0, iEnd = 0, iPosition = 0;
    sqlite3_int64 nByte;                    /* total space to allocate */

    rc = pModule->xNext(pCursor, &zToken, &nToken, &iStart, &iEnd, &iPosition);
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      /* Check that this tokenization did not gobble up any " characters. Or,
      ** if enable_parenthesis is true, that it did not gobble up any
      ** open or close parenthesis characters either. If it did, call
      ** getNextToken() again, but pass only that part of the input buffer
      ** up to the first such character.  */
      int iBarred = findBarredChar(z, iEnd);
      if( iBarred>=0 ){
        pModule->xClose(pCursor);
        return getNextToken(pParse, iCol, z, iBarred, ppExpr, pnConsumed);
      }

      nByte = sizeof(Fts3Expr) + SZ_FTS3PHRASE(1) + nToken;
      pRet = (Fts3Expr *)sqlite3Fts3MallocZero(nByte);
      if( !pRet ){
        rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
      }else{
        pRet->eType = FTSQUERY_PHRASE;
        pRet->pPhrase = (Fts3Phrase *)&pRet[1];
        pRet->pPhrase->nToken = 1;
        pRet->pPhrase->iColumn = iCol;
        pRet->pPhrase->aToken[0].n = nToken;
        pRet->pPhrase->aToken[0].z = (char*)&pRet->pPhrase->aToken[1];
        memcpy(pRet->pPhrase->aToken[0].z, zToken, nToken);

        if( iEnd<n && z[iEnd]=='*' ){
          pRet->pPhrase->aToken[0].isPrefix = 1;
          iEnd++;
        }

          }else{
            break;
          }
        }

      }
      *pnConsumed = iEnd;
    }else if( n && rc==SQLITE_DONE ){
      int iBarred = findBarredChar(z, n);
      if( iBarred>=0 ){
        *pnConsumed = iBarred;
      }
      rc = SQLITE_OK;
    }

    pModule->xClose(pCursor);
  }

  *ppExpr = pRet;

  sqlite3_tokenizer_module const *pModule = pTokenizer->pModule;
  int rc;
  Fts3Expr *p = 0;
  sqlite3_tokenizer_cursor *pCursor = 0;
  char *zTemp = 0;
  i64 nTemp = 0;

  const int nSpace = sizeof(Fts3Expr) + SZ_FTS3PHRASE(1);
  int nToken = 0;

  /* The final Fts3Expr data structure, including the Fts3Phrase,
  ** Fts3PhraseToken structures token buffers are all stored as a single
  ** allocation so that the expression can be freed with a single call to
  ** sqlite3_free(). Setting this up requires a two pass approach.
  **

          p = pPrev;
        }else{
          int eType = p->eType;
          isPhrase = (eType==FTSQUERY_PHRASE || p->pLeft);

          /* The isRequirePhrase variable is set to true if a phrase or
          ** an expression contained in parenthesis is required. If a
          ** binary operator (AND, OR, NOT or NEAR) is encountered when
          ** isRequirePhrase is set, this is a syntax error.
          */
          if( !isPhrase && isRequirePhrase ){
            sqlite3Fts3ExprFree(p);
            rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
            goto exprparse_out;
          }

  }else{
    rc = fts3ExprParseUnbalanced(
        pTokenizer, 0, azCol, 0, nCol, nCol, zExpr, nExpr, &pExpr
    );
  }

  if( rc!=SQLITE_OK && rc!=SQLITE_NOMEM ){

    sqlite3_result_error(context, "Error parsing expression", -1);
  }else if( rc==SQLITE_NOMEM || !(zBuf = exprToString(pExpr, 0)) ){
    sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
  }else{
    sqlite3_result_text(context, zBuf, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
    sqlite3_free(zBuf);
  }

    pH->first = pNew;
  }
  pEntry->count++;
  pEntry->chain = pNew;
}


/* Resize the hash table so that it contains "new_size" buckets.
** "new_size" must be a power of 2.  The hash table might fail
** to resize if sqliteMalloc() fails.
**
** Return non-zero if a memory allocation error occurs.
*/
static int fts3Rehash(Fts3Hash *pH, int new_size){
  struct _fts3ht *new_ht;          /* The new hash table */

    z[0]!='w' && z[0]!='x' && z[0]!='y' &&
    isVowel(z+1) &&
    isConsonant(z+2);
}

/*
** If the word ends with zFrom and xCond() is true for the stem
** of the word that precedes the zFrom ending, then change the
** ending to zTo.
**
** The input word *pz and zFrom are both in reverse order.  zTo
** is in normal order.
**
** Return TRUE if zFrom matches.  Return FALSE if zFrom does not
** match.  Not that TRUE is returned even if xCond() fails and

** If the size of the value in blob pPrev is zero, then this is the first
** term written to the node. Otherwise, pPrev contains a copy of the
** previous term. Before this function returns, it is updated to contain a
** copy of zTerm/nTerm.
**
** It is assumed that the buffer associated with pNode is already large
** enough to accommodate the new entry. The buffer associated with pPrev
** is extended by this function if required.
**
** If an error (i.e. OOM condition) occurs, an SQLite error code is
** returned. Otherwise, SQLITE_OK.
*/
static int fts3AppendToNode(
  Blob *pNode,                    /* Current node image to append to */
  Blob *pPrev,                    /* Buffer containing previous term written */

  return SQLITE_OK;
}
#endif

/*
** SQLite value pRowid contains the rowid of a row that may or may not be
** present in the FTS3 table. If it is, delete it and adjust the contents
** of subsidiary data structures accordingly.
*/
static int fts3DeleteByRowid(
  Fts3Table *p,
  sqlite3_value *pRowid,
  int *pnChng,                    /* IN/OUT: Decrement if row is deleted */
  u32 *aSzDel
){

** for details.
*/
struct MatchinfoBuffer {
  u8 aRef[3];
  int nElem;
  int bGlobal;                    /* Set if global data is loaded */
  char *zMatchinfo;
  u32 aMI[FLEXARRAY];
};

/* Size (in bytes) of a MatchinfoBuffer sufficient for N elements */
#define SZ_MATCHINFOBUFFER(N) \
            (offsetof(MatchinfoBuffer,aMI)+(((N)+1)/2)*sizeof(u64))


/*
** The snippet() and offsets() functions both return text values. An instance
** of the following structure is used to accumulate those values while the
** functions are running. See fts3StringAppend() for details.
*/

/*
** Allocate a two-slot MatchinfoBuffer object.
*/
static MatchinfoBuffer *fts3MIBufferNew(size_t nElem, const char *zMatchinfo){
  MatchinfoBuffer *pRet;
  sqlite3_int64 nByte = sizeof(u32) * (2*(sqlite3_int64)nElem + 1)
                           + SZ_MATCHINFOBUFFER(1);
  sqlite3_int64 nStr = strlen(zMatchinfo);

  pRet = sqlite3Fts3MallocZero(nByte + nStr+1);
  if( pRet ){
    pRet->aMI[0] = (u8*)(&pRet->aMI[1]) - (u8*)pRet;
    pRet->aMI[1+nElem] = pRet->aMI[0]
                                      + sizeof(u32)*((int)nElem+1);
    pRet->nElem = (int)nElem;
    pRet->zMatchinfo = ((char*)pRet) + nByte;
    memcpy(pRet->zMatchinfo, zMatchinfo, nStr+1);
    pRet->aRef[0] = 1;
  }

  return pRet;
}

static void fts3MIBufferFree(void *p){
  MatchinfoBuffer *pBuf = (MatchinfoBuffer*)((u8*)p - ((u32*)p)[-1]);

  assert( (u32*)p==&pBuf->aMI[1]
       || (u32*)p==&pBuf->aMI[pBuf->nElem+2]
  );
  if( (u32*)p==&pBuf->aMI[1] ){
    pBuf->aRef[1] = 0;
  }else{
    pBuf->aRef[2] = 0;
  }

  if( pBuf->aRef[0]==0 && pBuf->aRef[1]==0 && pBuf->aRef[2]==0 ){
    sqlite3_free(pBuf);
  }
}

static void (*fts3MIBufferAlloc(MatchinfoBuffer *p, u32 **paOut))(void*){
  void (*xRet)(void*) = 0;
  u32 *aOut = 0;

  if( p->aRef[1]==0 ){
    p->aRef[1] = 1;
    aOut = &p->aMI[1];
    xRet = fts3MIBufferFree;
  }
  else if( p->aRef[2]==0 ){
    p->aRef[2] = 1;
    aOut = &p->aMI[p->nElem+2];
    xRet = fts3MIBufferFree;
  }else{
    aOut = (u32*)sqlite3_malloc64(p->nElem * sizeof(u32));
    if( aOut ){
      xRet = sqlite3_free;
      if( p->bGlobal ) memcpy(aOut, &p->aMI[1], p->nElem*sizeof(u32));
    }
  }

  *paOut = aOut;
  return xRet;
}

static void fts3MIBufferSetGlobal(MatchinfoBuffer *p){
  p->bGlobal = 1;
  memcpy(&p->aMI[2+p->nElem], &p->aMI[1], p->nElem*sizeof(u32));
}

/*
** Free a MatchinfoBuffer object allocated using fts3MIBufferNew()
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3Fts3MIBufferFree(MatchinfoBuffer *p){
  if( p ){

  int nAppend                     /* Size of zAppend in bytes (or -1) */
){
  if( nAppend<0 ){
    nAppend = (int)strlen(zAppend);
  }

  /* If there is insufficient space allocated at StrBuffer.z, use realloc()
  ** to grow the buffer until so that it is big enough to accommodate the
  ** appended data.
  */
  if( pStr->n+nAppend+1>=pStr->nAlloc ){
    sqlite3_int64 nAlloc = pStr->nAlloc+(sqlite3_int64)nAppend+100;
    char *zNew = sqlite3_realloc64(pStr->z, nAlloc);
    if( !zNew ){
      return SQLITE_NOMEM;

** Search for a cached translation the json text supplied by pArg.  Return
** the JsonParse object if found.  Return NULL if not found.
**
** When a match if found, the matching entry is moved to become the
** most-recently used entry if it isn't so already.
**
** The JsonParse object returned still belongs to the Cache and might
** be deleted at any moment.  If the caller wants the JsonParse to
** linger, it needs to increment the nPJRef reference counter.
*/
static JsonParse *jsonCacheSearch(
  sqlite3_context *ctx,    /* The SQL statement context holding the cache */
  sqlite3_value *pArg      /* Function argument containing SQL text */
){
  JsonCache *p;

    /* If the blob is not valid JSONB, fall through into trying to cast
    ** the blob into text which is then interpreted as JSON.  (tag-20240123-a)
    **
    ** This goes against all historical documentation about how the SQLite
    ** JSON functions were suppose to work.  From the beginning, blob was
    ** reserved for expansion and a blob value should have raised an error.
    ** But it did not, due to a bug.  And many applications came to depend
    ** upon this buggy behavior, especially when using the CLI and reading
    ** JSON text using readfile(), which returns a blob.  For this reason
    ** we will continue to support the bug moving forward.
    ** See for example https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/012136abd5292b8d
    */
  }
  p->zJson = (char*)sqlite3_value_text(pArg);
  p->nJson = sqlite3_value_bytes(pArg);

#elif !defined(NDEBUG)
# define ALWAYS(X)      ((X)?1:(assert(0),0))
# define NEVER(X)       ((X)?(assert(0),1):0)
#else
# define ALWAYS(X)      (X)
# define NEVER(X)       (X)
#endif
#ifndef offsetof
#define offsetof(STRUCTURE,FIELD) ((size_t)((char*)&((STRUCTURE*)0)->FIELD))
#endif
#if defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L)
# define FLEXARRAY
#else
# define FLEXARRAY 1
#endif
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_AMALGAMATION) */

/* Macro to check for 4-byte alignment.  Only used inside of assert() */
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
# define FOUR_BYTE_ALIGNED(X)  ((((char*)(X) - (char*)0) & 3)==0)
#endif

** operand to the MATCH operator of an R-Tree.
*/
struct RtreeMatchArg {
  u32 iSize;                  /* Size of this object */
  RtreeGeomCallback cb;       /* Info about the callback functions */
  int nParam;                 /* Number of parameters to the SQL function */
  sqlite3_value **apSqlParam; /* Original SQL parameter values */
  RtreeDValue aParam[FLEXARRAY]; /* Values for parameters to the SQL function */
};

/* Size of an RtreeMatchArg object with N parameters */
#define SZ_RTREEMATCHARG(N)  \
        (offsetof(RtreeMatchArg,aParam)+(N)*sizeof(RtreeDValue))

#ifndef MAX
# define MAX(x,y) ((x) < (y) ? (y) : (x))
#endif
#ifndef MIN
# define MIN(x,y) ((x) > (y) ? (y) : (x))
#endif

  pIdxInfo->estimatedCost = (double)6.0 * (double)nRow;
  pIdxInfo->estimatedRows = nRow;

  return rc;
}

/*
** Return the N-dimensional volume of the cell stored in *p.
*/
static RtreeDValue cellArea(Rtree *pRtree, RtreeCell *p){
  RtreeDValue area = (RtreeDValue)1;
  assert( pRtree->nDim>=1 && pRtree->nDim<=5 );
#ifndef SQLITE_RTREE_INT_ONLY
  if( pRtree->eCoordType==RTREE_COORD_REAL32 ){
    switch( pRtree->nDim ){

  va_end(ap);
  return pRet;
}

/*
** The second and subsequent arguments to this function are a printf()
** style format string and arguments. This function formats the string and
** appends it to the report being accumulated in pCheck.
*/
static void rtreeCheckAppendMsg(RtreeCheck *pCheck, const char *zFmt, ...){
  va_list ap;
  va_start(ap, zFmt);
  if( pCheck->rc==SQLITE_OK && pCheck->nErr<RTREE_CHECK_MAX_ERROR ){
    char *z = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFmt, ap);
    if( z==0 ){

}


/*
** Determine if point (x0,y0) is beneath line segment (x1,y1)->(x2,y2).
** Returns:
**
**    +2  x0,y0 is on the line segment
**
**    +1  x0,y0 is beneath line segment
**
**    0   x0,y0 is not on or beneath the line segment or the line segment
**        is vertical and x0,y0 is not on the line segment
**
** The left-most coordinate min(x1,x2) is not considered to be part of

      sqlite3_result_int(context, x==2 ? 1 : x==4 ? 2 : 0);
    }
  }
  sqlite3_free(p1);
  sqlite3_free(p2);
}

/* Objects used by the overlap algorithm. */
typedef struct GeoEvent GeoEvent;
typedef struct GeoSegment GeoSegment;
typedef struct GeoOverlap GeoOverlap;
struct GeoEvent {
  double x;              /* X coordinate at which event occurs */
  int eType;             /* 0 for ADD, 1 for REMOVE */
  GeoSegment *pSeg;      /* The segment to be added or removed */

*/
static void geomCallback(sqlite3_context *ctx, int nArg, sqlite3_value **aArg){
  RtreeGeomCallback *pGeomCtx = (RtreeGeomCallback *)sqlite3_user_data(ctx);
  RtreeMatchArg *pBlob;
  sqlite3_int64 nBlob;
  int memErr = 0;


  nBlob = SZ_RTREEMATCHARG(nArg) + nArg*sizeof(sqlite3_value*);
  pBlob = (RtreeMatchArg *)sqlite3_malloc64(nBlob);
  if( !pBlob ){
    sqlite3_result_error_nomem(ctx);
  }else{
    int i;
    pBlob->iSize = nBlob;
    pBlob->cb = pGeomCtx[0];

** mobile device that is frequently rebooted. Even after the writer process
** has committed one or more sub-transactions, other database clients continue
** to read from the original database snapshot. In other words, partially
** applied transactions are not visible to other clients.
**
** "RBU" stands for "Resumable Bulk Update". As in a large database update
** transmitted via a wireless network to a mobile device. A transaction
** applied using this extension is hence referred to as an "RBU update".
**
**
** LIMITATIONS
**
** An "RBU update" transaction is subject to the following limitations:
**
**   * The transaction must consist of INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE operations

** This function does not delete the state database after an RBU vacuum
** is completed, even if it created it. However, if the call to
** sqlite3rbu_close() returns any value other than SQLITE_OK, the contents
** of the state tables within the state database are zeroed. This way,
** the next call to sqlite3rbu_vacuum() opens a handle that starts a
** new RBU vacuum operation.
**
** As with sqlite3rbu_open(), Zipvfs users should refer to the comment
** describing the sqlite3rbu_create_vfs() API function below for
** a description of the complications associated with using RBU with
** zipvfs databases.
*/
SQLITE_API sqlite3rbu *sqlite3rbu_vacuum(
  const char *zTarget,
  const char *zState

SQLITE_API int sqlite3rbu_savestate(sqlite3rbu *pRbu);

/*
** Close an RBU handle.
**
** If the RBU update has been completely applied, mark the RBU database
** as fully applied. Otherwise, assuming no error has occurred, save the
** current state of the RBU update application to the RBU database.
**
** If an error has already occurred as part of an sqlite3rbu_step()
** or sqlite3rbu_open() call, or if one occurs within this function, an
** SQLite error code is returned. Additionally, if pzErrmsg is not NULL,
** *pzErrmsg may be set to point to a buffer containing a utf-8 formatted
** English language error message. It is the responsibility of the caller to
** eventually free any such buffer using sqlite3_free().

static int rbuVfsFileSize(sqlite3_file *pFile, sqlite_int64 *pSize){
  rbu_file *p = (rbu_file *)pFile;
  int rc;
  rc = p->pReal->pMethods->xFileSize(p->pReal, pSize);

  /* If this is an RBU vacuum operation and this is the target database,
  ** pretend that it has at least one page. Otherwise, SQLite will not
  ** check for the existence of a *-wal file. rbuVfsRead() contains
  ** similar logic.  */
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK && *pSize==0
   && p->pRbu && rbuIsVacuum(p->pRbu)
   && (p->openFlags & SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB)
  ){
    *pSize = 1024;
  }

  sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
  return rc;
}

/*
** This function is called to initialize the SessionTable.nCol, azCol[]
** abPK[] and azDflt[] members of SessionTable object pTab. If these
** fields are already initialized, this function is a no-op.
**
** If an error occurs, an error code is stored in sqlite3_session.rc and
** non-zero returned. Or, if no error occurs but the table has no primary
** key, sqlite3_session.rc is left set to SQLITE_OK and non-zero returned to
** indicate that updates on this table should be ignored. SessionTable.abPK
** is set to NULL in this case.
*/

  int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
  void *pOut,                     /* First argument for xOutput */
  int *pnChangeset,               /* OUT: Size of buffer at *ppChangeset */
  void **ppChangeset              /* OUT: Buffer containing changeset */
){
  sqlite3 *db = pSession->db;     /* Source database handle */
  SessionTable *pTab;             /* Used to iterate through attached tables */
  SessionBuffer buf = {0,0,0};    /* Buffer in which to accumulate changeset */
  int rc;                         /* Return code */

  assert( xOutput==0 || (pnChangeset==0 && ppChangeset==0) );
  assert( xOutput!=0 || (pnChangeset!=0 && ppChangeset!=0) );

  /* Zero the output variables in case an error occurs. If this session
  ** object is already in the error state (sqlite3_session.rc != SQLITE_OK),

#ifdef SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC
# define EIGHT_BYTE_ALIGNMENT(X)   ((((uptr)(X) - (uptr)0)&3)==0)
#else
# define EIGHT_BYTE_ALIGNMENT(X)   ((((uptr)(X) - (uptr)0)&7)==0)
#endif

/*
** Macros needed to provide flexible arrays in a portable way
*/
#ifndef offsetof
# define offsetof(STRUCTURE,FIELD) ((size_t)((char*)&((STRUCTURE*)0)->FIELD))
#endif
#if defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L)
# define FLEXARRAY
#else
# define FLEXARRAY 1
#endif

#endif

/* Truncate very long tokens to this many bytes. Hard limit is
** (65536-1-1-4-9)==65521 bytes. The limiting factor is the 16-bit offset
** field that occurs at the start of each leaf page (see fts5_index.c). */
#define FTS5_MAX_TOKEN_SIZE 32768

** then an object of the following type is used to record the set of columns.
** Each entry in the aiCol[] array is a column that may be matched.
**
** This object is used by fts5_expr.c and fts5_index.c.
*/
struct Fts5Colset {
  int nCol;
  int aiCol[FLEXARRAY];
};

/* Size (int bytes) of a complete Fts5Colset object with N columns. */
#define SZ_FTS5COLSET(N) (sizeof(i64)*((N+2)/2))

/**************************************************************************
** Interface to code in fts5_config.c. fts5_config.c contains contains code
** to parse the arguments passed to the CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE statement.
*/

typedef struct Fts5Config Fts5Config;

**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** Driver template for the LEMON parser generator.
**
** The "lemon" program processes an LALR(1) input grammar file, then uses
** this template to construct a parser.  The "lemon" program inserts text
** at each "%%" line.  Also, any "P-a-r-s-e" identifier prefix (without the
** interstitial "-" characters) contained in this template is changed into
** the value of the %name directive from the grammar.  Otherwise, the content
** of this template is copied straight through into the generate parser
** source file.
**
** The following is the concatenation of all %include directives from the
** input grammar file:

        **   IDF = log( (N - nHit + 0.5) / (nHit + 0.5) )
        **
        ** where "N" is the total number of documents in the set and nHit
        ** is the number that contain at least one instance of the phrase
        ** under consideration.
        **
        ** The problem with this is that if (N < 2*nHit), the IDF is
        ** negative. Which is undesirable. So the minimum allowable IDF is
        ** (1e-6) - roughly the same as a term that appears in just over
        ** half of set of 5,000,000 documents.  */
        double idf = log( (nRow - nHit + 0.5) / (nHit + 0.5) );
        if( idf<=0.0 ) idf = 1e-6;
        p->aIDF[i] = idf;
      }
    }

** Return true if character 't' may be part of an FTS5 bareword, or false
** otherwise. Characters that may be part of barewords:
**
**   * All non-ASCII characters,
**   * The 52 upper and lower case ASCII characters, and
**   * The 10 integer ASCII characters.
**   * The underscore character "_" (0x5F).
**   * The unicode "substitute" character (0x1A).
*/
static int sqlite3Fts5IsBareword(char t){
  u8 aBareword[128] = {
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,   /* 0x00 .. 0x0F */
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,    0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,   /* 0x10 .. 0x1F */
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,   /* 0x20 .. 0x2F */
    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,    1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,   /* 0x30 .. 0x3F */

  i64 iRowid;                     /* Current rowid */
  Fts5ExprNearset *pNear;         /* For FTS5_STRING - cluster of phrases */

  /* Child nodes. For a NOT node, this array always contains 2 entries. For
  ** AND or OR nodes, it contains 2 or more entries.  */
  int nChild;                     /* Number of child nodes */
  Fts5ExprNode *apChild[FLEXARRAY]; /* Array of child nodes */
};

/* Size (in bytes) of an Fts5ExprNode object that holds up to N children */
#define SZ_FTS5EXPRNODE(N) \
  (offsetof(Fts5ExprNode,apChild) + (N)*sizeof(Fts5ExprNode*))

#define Fts5NodeIsString(p) ((p)->eType==FTS5_TERM || (p)->eType==FTS5_STRING)

/*
** Invoke the xNext method of an Fts5ExprNode object. This macro should be
** used as if it has the same signature as the xNext() methods themselves.
*/

** A phrase. One or more terms that must appear in a contiguous sequence
** within a document for it to match.
*/
struct Fts5ExprPhrase {
  Fts5ExprNode *pNode;            /* FTS5_STRING node this phrase is part of */
  Fts5Buffer poslist;             /* Current position list */
  int nTerm;                      /* Number of entries in aTerm[] */
  Fts5ExprTerm aTerm[FLEXARRAY];  /* Terms that make up this phrase */
};

/* Size (in bytes) of an Fts5ExprPhrase object that holds up to N terms */
#define SZ_FTS5EXPRPHRASE(N) \
    (offsetof(Fts5ExprPhrase,aTerm) + (N)*sizeof(Fts5ExprTerm))

/*
** One or more phrases that must appear within a certain token distance of
** each other within each matching document.
*/
struct Fts5ExprNearset {
  int nNear;                      /* NEAR parameter */
  Fts5Colset *pColset;            /* Columns to search (NULL -> all columns) */
  int nPhrase;                    /* Number of entries in aPhrase[] array */
  Fts5ExprPhrase *apPhrase[FLEXARRAY]; /* Array of phrase pointers */
};

/* Size (in bytes) of an Fts5ExprNearset object covering up to N phrases */
#define SZ_FTS5EXPRNEARSET(N) \
  (offsetof(Fts5ExprNearset,apPhrase)+(N)*sizeof(Fts5ExprPhrase*))

/*
** Parse context.
*/
struct Fts5Parse {
  Fts5Config *pConfig;
  char *zErr;

  assert( sParse.pExpr || sParse.rc!=SQLITE_OK );
  assert_expr_depth_ok(sParse.rc, sParse.pExpr);

  /* If the LHS of the MATCH expression was a user column, apply the
  ** implicit column-filter.  */
  if( sParse.rc==SQLITE_OK && iCol<pConfig->nCol ){
    int n = SZ_FTS5COLSET(1);
    Fts5Colset *pColset = (Fts5Colset*)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&sParse.rc, n);
    if( pColset ){
      pColset->nCol = 1;
      pColset->aiCol[0] = iCol;
      sqlite3Fts5ParseSetColset(&sParse, sParse.pExpr, pColset);
    }
  }

){
  const int SZALLOC = 8;
  Fts5ExprNearset *pRet = 0;

  if( pParse->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    if( pNear==0 ){
      sqlite3_int64 nByte;
      nByte = SZ_FTS5EXPRNEARSET(SZALLOC+1);
      pRet = sqlite3_malloc64(nByte);
      if( pRet==0 ){
        pParse->rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
      }else{
        memset(pRet, 0, (size_t)nByte);
      }
    }else if( (pNear->nPhrase % SZALLOC)==0 ){
      int nNew = pNear->nPhrase + SZALLOC;
      sqlite3_int64 nByte;

      nByte = SZ_FTS5EXPRNEARSET(nNew+1);
      pRet = (Fts5ExprNearset*)sqlite3_realloc64(pNear, nByte);
      if( pRet==0 ){
        pParse->rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
      }
    }else{
      pRet = pNear;
    }

  }else{
    Fts5ExprTerm *pTerm;
    if( pPhrase==0 || (pPhrase->nTerm % SZALLOC)==0 ){
      Fts5ExprPhrase *pNew;
      int nNew = SZALLOC + (pPhrase ? pPhrase->nTerm : 0);

      pNew = (Fts5ExprPhrase*)sqlite3_realloc64(pPhrase,
          SZ_FTS5EXPRPHRASE(nNew+1)
      );
      if( pNew==0 ){
        rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
      }else{
        if( pPhrase==0 ) memset(pNew, 0, SZ_FTS5EXPRPHRASE(1));
        pCtx->pPhrase = pPhrase = pNew;
        pNew->nTerm = nNew - SZALLOC;
      }
    }

    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      pTerm = &pPhrase->aTerm[pPhrase->nTerm++];

      }
      pParse->nPhrase++;
    }

    if( sCtx.pPhrase==0 ){
      /* This happens when parsing a token or quoted phrase that contains
      ** no token characters at all. (e.g ... MATCH '""'). */
      sCtx.pPhrase = sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&pParse->rc, SZ_FTS5EXPRPHRASE(1));
    }else if( sCtx.pPhrase->nTerm ){
      sCtx.pPhrase->aTerm[sCtx.pPhrase->nTerm-1].bPrefix = (u8)bPrefix;
    }
    assert( pParse->apPhrase!=0 );
    pParse->apPhrase[pParse->nPhrase-1] = sCtx.pPhrase;
  }

    pNew = (Fts5Expr*)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&rc, sizeof(Fts5Expr));
  }
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    pNew->apExprPhrase = (Fts5ExprPhrase**)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&rc,
        sizeof(Fts5ExprPhrase*));
  }
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    pNew->pRoot = (Fts5ExprNode*)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&rc, SZ_FTS5EXPRNODE(1));

  }
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    pNew->pRoot->pNear = (Fts5ExprNearset*)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&rc,
                                                    SZ_FTS5EXPRNEARSET(2));
  }
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK && ALWAYS(pOrig!=0) ){
    Fts5Colset *pColsetOrig = pOrig->pNode->pNear->pColset;
    if( pColsetOrig ){
      sqlite3_int64 nByte;
      Fts5Colset *pColset;
      nByte = SZ_FTS5COLSET(pColsetOrig->nCol);
      pColset = (Fts5Colset*)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&rc, nByte);
      if( pColset ){
        memcpy(pColset, pColsetOrig, (size_t)nByte);
      }
      pNew->pRoot->pNear->pColset = pColset;
    }
  }

          sCtx.pPhrase->aTerm[i].bPrefix = pOrig->aTerm[i].bPrefix;
          sCtx.pPhrase->aTerm[i].bFirst = pOrig->aTerm[i].bFirst;
        }
      }
    }else{
      /* This happens when parsing a token or quoted phrase that contains
      ** no token characters at all. (e.g ... MATCH '""'). */
      sCtx.pPhrase = sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&rc, SZ_FTS5EXPRPHRASE(1));
    }
  }

  if( rc==SQLITE_OK && ALWAYS(sCtx.pPhrase) ){
    /* All the allocations succeeded. Put the expression object together. */
    pNew->pIndex = pExpr->pIndex;
    pNew->pConfig = pExpr->pConfig;

){
  int nCol = p ? p->nCol : 0;     /* Num. columns already in colset object */
  Fts5Colset *pNew;               /* New colset object to return */

  assert( pParse->rc==SQLITE_OK );
  assert( iCol>=0 && iCol<pParse->pConfig->nCol );

  pNew = sqlite3_realloc64(p, SZ_FTS5COLSET(nCol+1));
  if( pNew==0 ){
    pParse->rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
  }else{
    int *aiCol = pNew->aiCol;
    int i, j;
    for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
      if( aiCol[i]==iCol ) return pNew;

** as the second argument before returning.
*/
static Fts5Colset *sqlite3Fts5ParseColsetInvert(Fts5Parse *pParse, Fts5Colset *p){
  Fts5Colset *pRet;
  int nCol = pParse->pConfig->nCol;

  pRet = (Fts5Colset*)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&pParse->rc,
      SZ_FTS5COLSET(nCol+1)
  );
  if( pRet ){
    int i;
    int iOld = 0;
    for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
      if( iOld>=p->nCol || p->aiCol[iOld]!=i ){
        pRet->aiCol[pRet->nCol++] = i;

** Otherwise, a copy of (*pOrig) is made into memory obtained from
** sqlite3Fts5MallocZero() and a pointer to it returned. If the allocation
** fails, (*pRc) is set to SQLITE_NOMEM and NULL is returned.
*/
static Fts5Colset *fts5CloneColset(int *pRc, Fts5Colset *pOrig){
  Fts5Colset *pRet;
  if( pOrig ){
    sqlite3_int64 nByte = SZ_FTS5COLSET(pOrig->nCol);
    pRet = (Fts5Colset*)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(pRc, nByte);
    if( pRet ){
      memcpy(pRet, pOrig, (size_t)nByte);
    }
  }else{
    pRet = 0;
  }

  int ii;
  int nByte;
  Fts5ExprNode *pRet;

  assert( pNear->nPhrase==1 );
  assert( pParse->bPhraseToAnd );

  nByte = SZ_FTS5EXPRNODE(nTerm+1);
  pRet = (Fts5ExprNode*)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&pParse->rc, nByte);
  if( pRet ){
    pRet->eType = FTS5_AND;
    pRet->nChild = nTerm;
    pRet->iHeight = 1;
    fts5ExprAssignXNext(pRet);
    pParse->nPhrase--;
    for(ii=0; ii<nTerm; ii++){
      Fts5ExprPhrase *pPhrase = (Fts5ExprPhrase*)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(
          &pParse->rc, SZ_FTS5EXPRPHRASE(1)
      );
      if( pPhrase ){
        if( parseGrowPhraseArray(pParse) ){
          fts5ExprPhraseFree(pPhrase);
        }else{
          Fts5ExprTerm *p = &pNear->apPhrase[0]->aTerm[ii];
          Fts5ExprTerm *pTo = &pPhrase->aTerm[0];

        nChild = 2;
      }else if( eType==FTS5_AND || eType==FTS5_OR ){
        nChild = 2;
        if( pLeft->eType==eType ) nChild += pLeft->nChild-1;
        if( pRight->eType==eType ) nChild += pRight->nChild-1;
      }

      nByte = SZ_FTS5EXPRNODE(nChild);
      pRet = (Fts5ExprNode*)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&pParse->rc, nByte);

      if( pRet ){
        pRet->eType = eType;
        pRet->pNear = pNear;
        fts5ExprAssignXNext(pRet);
        if( eType==FTS5_STRING ){

    *ppOut = pTerm->pTerm;
    *pnOut = pTerm->nFullTerm;
  }
  return rc;
}

/*
** Clear the token mappings for all Fts5IndexIter objects managed by
** the expression passed as the only argument.
*/
static void sqlite3Fts5ExprClearTokens(Fts5Expr *pExpr){
  int ii;
  for(ii=0; ii<pExpr->nPhrase; ii++){
    Fts5ExprTerm *pT;
    for(pT=&pExpr->apExprPhrase[ii]->aTerm[0]; pT; pT=pT->pSynonym){

/* #include "fts5Int.h" */

typedef struct Fts5HashEntry Fts5HashEntry;

/*
** This file contains the implementation of an in-memory hash table used
** to accumulate "term -> doclist" content before it is flushed to a level-0
** segment.
*/


struct Fts5Hash {
  int eDetail;                    /* Copy of Fts5Config.eDetail */
  int *pnByte;                    /* Pointer to bytes counter */

  u8 bContent;                    /* Set content-flag (detail=none mode) */
  i16 iCol;                       /* Column of last value written */
  int iPos;                       /* Position of last value written */
  i64 iRowid;                     /* Rowid of last value written */
};

/*
** Equivalent to:
**
**   char *fts5EntryKey(Fts5HashEntry *pEntry){ return zKey; }
*/
#define fts5EntryKey(p) ( ((char *)(&(p)[1])) )


/*

};
struct Fts5Structure {
  int nRef;                       /* Object reference count */
  u64 nWriteCounter;              /* Total leaves written to level 0 */
  u64 nOriginCntr;                /* Origin value for next top-level segment */
  int nSegment;                   /* Total segments in this structure */
  int nLevel;                     /* Number of levels in this index */
  Fts5StructureLevel aLevel[FLEXARRAY]; /* Array of nLevel level objects */
};

/* Size (in bytes) of an Fts5Structure object holding up to N levels */
#define SZ_FTS5STRUCTURE(N) \
         (offsetof(Fts5Structure,aLevel) + (N)*sizeof(Fts5StructureLevel))

/*
** An object of type Fts5SegWriter is used to write to segments.
*/
struct Fts5PageWriter {
  int pgno;                       /* Page number for this page */
  int iPrevPgidx;                 /* Previous value written into pgidx */
  Fts5Buffer buf;                 /* Buffer containing leaf data */

  u8 bDel;                        /* True if the delete flag is set */
};

/*
** Array of tombstone pages. Reference counted.
*/
struct Fts5TombstoneArray {
  int nRef;                         /* Number of pointers to this object */
  int nTombstone;
  Fts5Data *apTombstone[FLEXARRAY]; /* Array of tombstone pages */
};

/* Size (in bytes) of an Fts5TombstoneArray holding up to N tombstones */
#define SZ_FTS5TOMBSTONEARRAY(N) \
  (offsetof(Fts5TombstoneArray,apTombstone)+(N)*sizeof(Fts5Data*))

/*
** Argument is a pointer to an Fts5Data structure that contains a
** leaf page.
*/
#define ASSERT_SZLEAF_OK(x) assert( \
    (x)->szLeaf==(x)->nn || (x)->szLeaf==fts5GetU16(&(x)->p[2]) \

  int nSeg;                       /* Size of aSeg[] array */
  int bRev;                       /* True to iterate in reverse order */
  u8 bSkipEmpty;                  /* True to skip deleted entries */

  i64 iSwitchRowid;               /* Firstest rowid of other than aFirst[1] */
  Fts5CResult *aFirst;            /* Current merge state (see above) */
  Fts5SegIter aSeg[FLEXARRAY];    /* Array of segment iterators */
};

/* Size (in bytes) of an Fts5Iter object holding up to N segment iterators */
#define SZ_FTS5ITER(N)  (offsetof(Fts5Iter,aSeg)+(N)*sizeof(Fts5SegIter))

/*
** An instance of the following type is used to iterate through the contents
** of a doclist-index record.
**
** pData:
**   Record containing the doclist-index data.

  /* Output variables */
  int iLeafPgno;                /* Page number of current leaf page */
  i64 iRowid;                   /* First rowid on leaf iLeafPgno */
};
struct Fts5DlidxIter {
  int nLvl;
  int iSegid;
  Fts5DlidxLvl aLvl[FLEXARRAY];
};

/* Size (in bytes) of an Fts5DlidxIter object with up to N levels */
#define SZ_FTS5DLIDXITER(N) \
          (offsetof(Fts5DlidxIter,aLvl)+(N)*sizeof(Fts5DlidxLvl))

static void fts5PutU16(u8 *aOut, u16 iVal){
  aOut[0] = (iVal>>8);
  aOut[1] = (iVal&0xFF);
}

static u16 fts5GetU16(const u8 *aIn){

**
** This function is a no-op if (*pRc) is not SQLITE_OK when it is called. If
** an error occurs, (*pRc) is set to an SQLite error code before returning.
*/
static void fts5StructureMakeWritable(int *pRc, Fts5Structure **pp){
  Fts5Structure *p = *pp;
  if( *pRc==SQLITE_OK && p->nRef>1 ){
    i64 nByte = SZ_FTS5STRUCTURE(p->nLevel);
    Fts5Structure *pNew;
    pNew = (Fts5Structure*)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(pRc, nByte);
    if( pNew ){
      int i;
      memcpy(pNew, p, nByte);
      for(i=0; i<p->nLevel; i++) pNew->aLevel[i].aSeg = 0;
      for(i=0; i<p->nLevel; i++){

  i += fts5GetVarint32(&pData[i], nLevel);
  i += fts5GetVarint32(&pData[i], nSegment);
  if( nLevel>FTS5_MAX_SEGMENT   || nLevel<0
   || nSegment>FTS5_MAX_SEGMENT || nSegment<0
  ){
    return FTS5_CORRUPT;
  }
  nByte = SZ_FTS5STRUCTURE(nLevel);



  pRet = (Fts5Structure*)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&rc, nByte);

  if( pRet ){
    pRet->nRef = 1;
    pRet->nLevel = nLevel;
    pRet->nSegment = nSegment;
    i += sqlite3Fts5GetVarint(&pData[i], &pRet->nWriteCounter);

*/
static void fts5StructureAddLevel(int *pRc, Fts5Structure **ppStruct){
  fts5StructureMakeWritable(pRc, ppStruct);
  assert( (ppStruct!=0 && (*ppStruct)!=0) || (*pRc)!=SQLITE_OK );
  if( *pRc==SQLITE_OK ){
    Fts5Structure *pStruct = *ppStruct;
    int nLevel = pStruct->nLevel;
    sqlite3_int64 nByte = SZ_FTS5STRUCTURE(nLevel+2);




    pStruct = sqlite3_realloc64(pStruct, nByte);
    if( pStruct ){
      memset(&pStruct->aLevel[nLevel], 0, sizeof(Fts5StructureLevel));
      pStruct->nLevel++;
      *ppStruct = pStruct;
    }else{

  int iLeafPg                     /* Leaf page number to load dlidx for */
){
  Fts5DlidxIter *pIter = 0;
  int i;
  int bDone = 0;

  for(i=0; p->rc==SQLITE_OK && bDone==0; i++){
    sqlite3_int64 nByte = SZ_FTS5DLIDXITER(i+1);
    Fts5DlidxIter *pNew;

    pNew = (Fts5DlidxIter*)sqlite3_realloc64(pIter, nByte);
    if( pNew==0 ){
      p->rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
    }else{
      i64 iRowid = FTS5_DLIDX_ROWID(iSegid, i, iLeafPg);

** Allocate a tombstone hash page array object (pIter->pTombArray) for
** the iterator passed as the second argument. If an OOM error occurs,
** leave an error in the Fts5Index object.
*/
static void fts5SegIterAllocTombstone(Fts5Index *p, Fts5SegIter *pIter){
  const int nTomb = pIter->pSeg->nPgTombstone;
  if( nTomb>0 ){
    int nByte = SZ_FTS5TOMBSTONEARRAY(nTomb+1);
    Fts5TombstoneArray *pNew;
    pNew = (Fts5TombstoneArray*)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&p->rc, nByte);
    if( pNew ){
      pNew->nTombstone = nTomb;
      pNew->nRef = 1;
      pIter->pTombArray = pNew;
    }

  int nSeg
){
  Fts5Iter *pNew;
  i64 nSlot;                      /* Power of two >= nSeg */

  for(nSlot=2; nSlot<nSeg; nSlot=nSlot*2);
  pNew = fts5IdxMalloc(p,
      SZ_FTS5ITER(nSlot) +                /* pNew + pNew->aSeg[] */

      sizeof(Fts5CResult) * nSlot         /* pNew->aFirst[] */
  );
  if( pNew ){
    pNew->nSeg = nSlot;
    pNew->aFirst = (Fts5CResult*)&pNew->aSeg[nSlot];
    pNew->pIndex = p;
    pNew->xSetOutputs = fts5IterSetOutputs_Noop;

}

static Fts5Structure *fts5IndexOptimizeStruct(
  Fts5Index *p,
  Fts5Structure *pStruct
){
  Fts5Structure *pNew = 0;
  sqlite3_int64 nByte = SZ_FTS5STRUCTURE(1);
  int nSeg = pStruct->nSegment;
  int i;

  /* Figure out if this structure requires optimization. A structure does
  ** not require optimization if either:
  **
  **  1. it consists of fewer than two segments, or

      fts5StructureRef(pStruct);
      return pStruct;
    }
    assert( pStruct->aLevel[i].nMerge<=nThis );
  }

  nByte += (((i64)pStruct->nLevel)+1) * sizeof(Fts5StructureLevel);
  assert( nByte==SZ_FTS5STRUCTURE(pStruct->nLevel+2) );
  pNew = (Fts5Structure*)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&p->rc, nByte);

  if( pNew ){
    Fts5StructureLevel *pLvl;
    nByte = nSeg * sizeof(Fts5StructureSegment);
    pNew->nLevel = MIN(pStruct->nLevel+1, FTS5_MAX_LEVEL);
    pNew->nRef = 1;

  Fts5Buffer terms;

  /* The following are used for other full-token tokendata queries only. */
  int nIter;
  int nIterAlloc;
  Fts5PoslistReader *aPoslistReader;
  int *aPoslistToIter;
  Fts5Iter *apIter[FLEXARRAY];
};

/* Size in bytes of an Fts5TokenDataIter object holding up to N iterators */
#define SZ_FTS5TOKENDATAITER(N) \
    (offsetof(Fts5TokenDataIter,apIter) + (N)*sizeof(Fts5Iter))

/*
** The two input arrays - a1[] and a2[] - are in sorted order. This function
** merges the two arrays together and writes the result to output array
** aOut[]. aOut[] is guaranteed to be large enough to hold the result.
**
** Duplicate entries are copied into the output. So the size of the output

    pT->nMap++;
  }
}

/*
** Sort the contents of the pT->aMap[] array.
**
** The sorting algorithm requires a malloc(). If this fails, an error code
** is left in Fts5Index.rc before returning.
*/
static void fts5TokendataIterSortMap(Fts5Index *p, Fts5TokenDataIter *pT){
  Fts5TokenDataMap *aTmp = 0;
  int nByte = pT->nMap * sizeof(Fts5TokenDataMap);

  aTmp = (Fts5TokenDataMap*)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&p->rc, nByte);

  s.iLastRowid = 0;
  s.nBuf = 32;
  if( iIdx==0
   && p->pConfig->eDetail==FTS5_DETAIL_FULL
   && p->pConfig->bPrefixInsttoken
  ){
    s.pTokendata = &s2;
    s2.pT = (Fts5TokenDataIter*)fts5IdxMalloc(p, SZ_FTS5TOKENDATAITER(1));
  }

  if( p->pConfig->eDetail==FTS5_DETAIL_NONE ){
    s.xMerge = fts5MergeRowidLists;
    s.xAppend = fts5AppendRowid;
  }else{
    s.nMerge = FTS5_MERGE_NLIST-1;

/*
** The %_data table is completely empty when this function is called. This
** function populates it with the initial structure objects for each index,
** and the initial version of the "averages" record (a zero-byte blob).
*/
static int sqlite3Fts5IndexReinit(Fts5Index *p){
  Fts5Structure *pTmp;
  u8 tmpSpace[SZ_FTS5STRUCTURE(1)];
  fts5StructureInvalidate(p);
  fts5IndexDiscardData(p);
  pTmp = (Fts5Structure*)tmpSpace;
  memset(pTmp, 0, SZ_FTS5STRUCTURE(1));
  if( p->pConfig->bContentlessDelete ){
    pTmp->nOriginCntr = 1;
  }
  fts5DataWrite(p, FTS5_AVERAGES_ROWID, (const u8*)"", 0);
  fts5StructureWrite(p, pTmp);
  return fts5IndexReturn(p);
}

/*
** Open a new Fts5Index handle. If the bCreate argument is true, create
** and initialize the underlying %_data table.
**

  Fts5Iter *pAppend               /* Append this iterator */
){
  Fts5TokenDataIter *pRet = pIn;

  if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    if( pIn==0 || pIn->nIter==pIn->nIterAlloc ){
      int nAlloc = pIn ? pIn->nIterAlloc*2 : 16;
      int nByte = SZ_FTS5TOKENDATAITER(nAlloc+1);
      Fts5TokenDataIter *pNew = (Fts5TokenDataIter*)sqlite3_realloc(pIn, nByte);

      if( pNew==0 ){
        p->rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
      }else{
        if( pIn==0 ) memset(pNew, 0, nByte);
        pRet = pNew;

  Fts5Buffer token = {0, 0, 0};
  TokendataSetupCtx ctx;

  memset(&ctx, 0, sizeof(ctx));

  fts5BufferGrow(&p->rc, &token, nToken+1);
  assert( token.p!=0 || p->rc!=SQLITE_OK );
  ctx.pT = (Fts5TokenDataIter*)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&p->rc,
                                                   SZ_FTS5TOKENDATAITER(1));

  if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ){

    /* Fill in the token prefix to search for */
    token.p[0] = FTS5_MAIN_PREFIX;
    memcpy(&token.p[1], pToken, nToken);
    token.n = nToken+1;

  i64 iPos = (((i64)iCol)<<32) + iOff;

  assert( p->pConfig->eDetail!=FTS5_DETAIL_FULL );
  assert( pIter->pTokenDataIter || pIter->nSeg>0 );
  if( pIter->nSeg>0 ){
    /* This is a prefix term iterator. */
    if( pT==0 ){
      pT = (Fts5TokenDataIter*)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&p->rc,
                                           SZ_FTS5TOKENDATAITER(1));
      pIter->pTokenDataIter = pT;
    }
    if( pT ){
      fts5TokendataIterAppendMap(p, pT, pT->terms.n, nToken, iRowid, iPos);
      fts5BufferAppendBlob(&p->rc, &pT->terms, nToken, (const u8*)pToken);
    }
  }else{

  *pbTombstone = (int)(iRowid & 0x0001);
}
#endif /* SQLITE_TEST || SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG */

#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG)
static void fts5DebugRowid(int *pRc, Fts5Buffer *pBuf, i64 iKey){
  int iSegid, iHeight, iPgno, bDlidx, bTomb;     /* Rowid components */
  fts5DecodeRowid(iKey, &bTomb, &iSegid, &bDlidx, &iHeight, &iPgno);

  if( iSegid==0 ){
    if( iKey==FTS5_AVERAGES_ROWID ){
      sqlite3Fts5BufferAppendPrintf(pRc, pBuf, "{averages} ");
    }else{
      sqlite3Fts5BufferAppendPrintf(pRc, pBuf, "{structure}");

**   byte of the position list for the corresponding phrase.
*/
struct Fts5Sorter {
  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
  i64 iRowid;                     /* Current rowid */
  const u8 *aPoslist;             /* Position lists for current row */
  int nIdx;                       /* Number of entries in aIdx[] */
  int aIdx[FLEXARRAY];            /* Offsets into aPoslist for current row */
};

/* Size (int bytes) of an Fts5Sorter object with N indexes */
#define SZ_FTS5SORTER(N) (offsetof(Fts5Sorter,nIdx)+((N+2)/2)*sizeof(i64))

/*
** Virtual-table cursor object.
**
** iSpecial:
**   If this is a 'special' query (refer to function fts5SpecialMatch()),
**   then this variable contains the result of the query.

  int nPhrase;
  sqlite3_int64 nByte;
  int rc;
  const char *zRank = pCsr->zRank;
  const char *zRankArgs = pCsr->zRankArgs;

  nPhrase = sqlite3Fts5ExprPhraseCount(pCsr->pExpr);
  nByte = SZ_FTS5SORTER(nPhrase);
  pSorter = (Fts5Sorter*)sqlite3_malloc64(nByte);
  if( pSorter==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
  memset(pSorter, 0, (size_t)nByte);
  pSorter->nIdx = nPhrase;

  /* TODO: It would be better to have some system for reusing statement
  ** handles here, rather than preparing a new one for each query. But that

static void fts5SourceIdFunc(
  sqlite3_context *pCtx,          /* Function call context */
  int nArg,                       /* Number of args */
  sqlite3_value **apUnused        /* Function arguments */
){
  assert( nArg==0 );
  UNUSED_PARAM2(nArg, apUnused);
  sqlite3_result_text(pCtx, "fts5: 2025-03-16 00:13:29 18bda13e197e4b4ec7464b3e70012f71edc05f73d8b14bb48bad452f81c7e185", -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
}

/*
** Implementation of fts5_locale(LOCALE, TEXT) function.
**
** If parameter LOCALE is NULL, or a zero-length string, then a copy of
** TEXT is returned. Otherwise, both LOCALE and TEXT are interpreted as

**
** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
*/
#define SQLITE_VERSION        "3.50.0"
#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER 3050000
#define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "2025-03-16 00:13:29 18bda13e197e4b4ec7464b3e70012f71edc05f73d8b14bb48bad452f81c7e185"

/*
** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version sqlite3_sourceid
**
** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros

** more threads at the same moment in time.
**
** For all versions of SQLite up to and including 3.6.23.1, a call to
** [sqlite3_reset()] was required after sqlite3_step() returned anything
** other than [SQLITE_ROW] before any subsequent invocation of
** sqlite3_step().  Failure to reset the prepared statement using
** [sqlite3_reset()] would result in an [SQLITE_MISUSE] return from
** sqlite3_step().  But after [version 3.6.23.1] ([dateof:3.6.23.1]),
** sqlite3_step() began
** calling [sqlite3_reset()] automatically in this circumstance rather
** than returning [SQLITE_MISUSE].  This is not considered a compatibility
** break because any application that ever receives an SQLITE_MISUSE error
** is broken by definition.  The [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTORESET] compile-time option
** can be used to restore the legacy behavior.
**

** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted in
** a [rowid table].
** ^Any callback set by a previous call to this function
** for the same database connection is overridden.
**
** ^The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a
** row is updated, inserted or deleted in a rowid table.
** ^The update hook is disabled by invoking sqlite3_update_hook()
** with a NULL pointer as the second parameter.
** ^The first argument to the callback is a copy of the third argument
** to sqlite3_update_hook().
** ^The second callback argument is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE],
** or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the operation that caused the callback
** to be invoked.
** ^The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the
** database and table name containing the affected row.