Fossil

** the text of this file.  Search for "Begin file sqlite3.h" to find the start
** of the embedded sqlite3.h header file.) Additional code files may be needed
** if you want a wrapper to interface SQLite with your choice of programming
** language. The code for the "sqlite3" command-line shell is also in a
** separate file. This file contains only code for the core SQLite library.
**
** The content in this amalgamation comes from Fossil check-in
** 4966d7a1ce42af8b1c50fdd40e651e80d0ee with changes in files:
**
**    
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
#define SQLITE_CORE 1
#define SQLITE_AMALGAMATION 1
#ifndef SQLITE_PRIVATE

** string contains the date and time of the check-in (UTC) and a SHA1
** or SHA3-256 hash of the entire source tree.  If the source code has
** been edited in any way since it was last checked in, then the last
** four hexadecimal digits of the hash may be modified.
**
** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_sourceid()].
*/
#define SQLITE_VERSION        "3.51.0"
#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER 3051000
#define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "2025-10-10 14:31:46 4966d7a1ce42af8b1c50fdd40e651e80d0eeb8cb62dd882950cab275f98aba88"
#define SQLITE_SCM_BRANCH     "trunk"
#define SQLITE_SCM_TAGS       ""
#define SQLITE_SCM_DATETIME   "2025-10-10T14:31:46.035Z"

/*
** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version sqlite3_sourceid
**
** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros

** sqlite3_libversion_number() function returns an integer equal to
** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].  ^(The sqlite3_sourceid() function returns
** a pointer to a string constant whose value is the same as the
** [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macro.  Except if SQLite is built
** using an edited copy of [the amalgamation], then the last four characters
** of the hash might be different from [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID].)^
**
** See also: [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_sourceid()].
*/
SQLITE_API const char sqlite3_version[] = SQLITE_VERSION;
SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_sourceid(void);
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);

/*

** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY flag means that the deserialized database
** should be treated as read-only.
*/
#define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE 1 /* Call sqlite3_free() on close */
#define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE  2 /* Resize using sqlite3_realloc64() */
#define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY    4 /* Database is read-only */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Bind array values to the CARRAY table-valued function
**
** The sqlite3_carray_bind(S,I,P,N,F,X) interface binds an array value to
** one of the first argument of the [carray() table-valued function].  The
** S parameter is a pointer to the [prepared statement] that uses the carray()
** functions.  I is the parameter index to be bound.  P is a pointer to the
** array to be bound, and N is the number of eements in the array.  The
** F argument is one of constants [SQLITE_CARRAY_INT32], [SQLITE_CARRAY_INT64],
** [SQLITE_CARRAY_DOUBLE], [SQLITE_CARRAY_TEXT], or [SQLITE_CARRAY_BLOB] to
** indicate the datatype of the array being bound.  The X argument is not a
** NULL pointer, then SQLite will invoke the function X on the P parameter
** after it has finished using P.
*/
SQLITE_API SQLITE_API int sqlite3_carray_bind(
  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,        /* Statement to be bound */
  int i,                      /* Parameter index */
  void *aData,                /* Pointer to array data */
  int nData,                  /* Number of data elements */
  int mFlags,                 /* CARRAY flags */
  void (*xDel)(void*)         /* Destructor for aData */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Datatypes for the CARRAY table-valued funtion
**
** The fifth argument to the [sqlite3_carray_bind()] interface musts be
** one of the following constants, to specify the datatype of the array
** that is being bound into the [carray table-valued function].
*/
#define SQLITE_CARRAY_INT32     0    /* Data is 32-bit signed integers */
#define SQLITE_CARRAY_INT64     1    /* Data is 64-bit signed integers */
#define SQLITE_CARRAY_DOUBLE    2    /* Data is doubles */
#define SQLITE_CARRAY_TEXT      3    /* Data is char* */
#define SQLITE_CARRAY_BLOB      4    /* Data is struct iovec */

/*
** Versions of the above #defines that omit the initial SQLITE_, for
** legacy compatibility.
*/
#define CARRAY_INT32     0    /* Data is 32-bit signed integers */
#define CARRAY_INT64     1    /* Data is 64-bit signed integers */
#define CARRAY_DOUBLE    2    /* Data is doubles */
#define CARRAY_TEXT      3    /* Data is char* */
#define CARRAY_BLOB      4    /* Data is struct iovec */

/*
** Undo the hack that converts floating point types to integer for
** builds on processors without floating point support.
*/
#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
# undef double
#endif

** If none of the macros are initially defined, then select either
** SQLITE_OS_UNIX or SQLITE_OS_WIN depending on the target platform.
**
** If SQLITE_OS_OTHER=1 is specified at compile-time, then the application
** must provide its own VFS implementation together with sqlite3_os_init()
** and sqlite3_os_end() routines.
*/
#if SQLITE_OS_KV+1<=1  && SQLITE_OS_OTHER+1<=1 &&  \
    SQLITE_OS_WIN+1<=1 && SQLITE_OS_UNIX+1<=1
#  if defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || \
          defined(__MINGW32__) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
#    define SQLITE_OS_WIN 1
#    define SQLITE_OS_UNIX 0
#  else
#    define SQLITE_OS_WIN 0
#    define SQLITE_OS_UNIX 1

SQLITE_PRIVATE sqlite3_value *sqlite3VdbeGetBoundValue(Vdbe*, int, u8);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3VdbeSetVarmask(Vdbe*, int);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE
SQLITE_PRIVATE   char *sqlite3VdbeExpandSql(Vdbe*, const char*);
#endif
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3MemCompare(const Mem*, const Mem*, const CollSeq*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3BlobCompare(const Mem*, const Mem*);
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PERCENTILE
SQLITE_PRIVATE   const char *sqlite3VdbeFuncName(const sqlite3_context*);
#endif

SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3VdbeRecordUnpack(int,const void*,UnpackedRecord*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3VdbeRecordCompare(int,const void*,UnpackedRecord*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3VdbeRecordCompareWithSkip(int, const void *, UnpackedRecord *, int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE UnpackedRecord *sqlite3VdbeAllocUnpackedRecord(KeyInfo*);

typedef int (*RecordCompare)(int,const void*,UnpackedRecord*);

#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_JSON)
SQLITE_PRIVATE   Module *sqlite3JsonVtabRegister(sqlite3*,const char*);
#endif
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3SafetyCheckOk(sqlite3*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3SafetyCheckSickOrOk(sqlite3*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3ChangeCookie(Parse*, int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE With *sqlite3WithDup(sqlite3 *db, With *p);

#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_CARRAY)
SQLITE_PRIVATE   Module *sqlite3CarrayRegister(sqlite3*);
#endif

#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER)
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3MaterializeView(Parse*, Table*, Expr*, ExprList*,Expr*,int);
#endif

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
SQLITE_PRIVATE   void sqlite3BeginTrigger(Parse*, Token*,Token*,int,int,IdList*,SrcList*,

  "ENABLE_ATOMIC_WRITE",
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_BATCH_ATOMIC_WRITE
  "ENABLE_BATCH_ATOMIC_WRITE",
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_BYTECODE_VTAB
  "ENABLE_BYTECODE_VTAB",
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CARRAY
  "ENABLE_CARRAY",
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD
  "ENABLE_CEROD=" CTIMEOPT_VAL(SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD),
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA
  "ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA",
#endif

  "ENABLE_OFFSET_SQL_FUNC",
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_ORDERED_SET_AGGREGATES
  "ENABLE_ORDERED_SET_AGGREGATES",
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_OVERSIZE_CELL_CHECK
  "ENABLE_OVERSIZE_CELL_CHECK",
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PERCENTILE
  "ENABLE_PERCENTILE",
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
  "ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK",
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_QPSG
  "ENABLE_QPSG",
#endif

typedef struct et_info {   /* Information about each format field */
  char fmttype;            /* The format field code letter */
  etByte base;             /* The base for radix conversion */
  etByte flags;            /* One or more of FLAG_ constants below */
  etByte type;             /* Conversion paradigm */
  etByte charset;          /* Offset into aDigits[] of the digits string */
  etByte prefix;           /* Offset into aPrefix[] of the prefix string */
  char iNxt;               /* Next with same hash, or 0 for end of chain */
} et_info;

/*
** Allowed values for et_info.flags
*/
#define FLAG_SIGNED    1     /* True if the value to convert is signed */
#define FLAG_STRING    4     /* Allow infinite precision */


/*
** The table is searched by hash.  In the case of %C where C is the character
** and that character has ASCII value j, then the hash is j%23.
**
** The order of the entries in fmtinfo[] and the hash chain was entered
** manually, but based on the output of the following TCL script:
*/
#if 0  /*****  Beginning of script ******/
foreach c {d s g z q Q w c o u x X f e E G i n % p T S r} {
  scan $c %c x
  set n($c) $x
}
set mx [llength [array names n]]
puts "count: $mx"

set mx 27
puts "*********** mx=$mx ************"
for {set r 0} {$r<$mx} {incr r} {
  puts -nonewline [format %2d: $r]
  foreach c [array names n] {
    if {($n($c))%$mx==$r} {puts -nonewline " $c"}
  }
  puts ""
}
#endif /***** End of script ********/

static const char aDigits[] = "0123456789ABCDEF0123456789abcdef";
static const char aPrefix[] = "-x0\000X0";
static const et_info fmtinfo[23] = {

  /*  0 */  {  's',  0, 4, etSTRING,     0,  0,  1 },
  /*  1 */  {  'E',  0, 1, etEXP,        14, 0,  0 },  /* Hash: 0 */
  /*  2 */  {  'u', 10, 0, etDECIMAL,    0,  0,  3 },
  /*  3 */  {  'G',  0, 1, etGENERIC,    14, 0,  0 },  /* Hash: 2 */



  /*  4 */  {  'w',  0, 4, etESCAPE_w,   0,  0,  0 },



  /*  5 */  {  'x', 16, 0, etRADIX,      16, 1,  0 },
  /*  6 */  {  'c',  0, 0, etCHARX,      0,  0,  0 },  /* Hash: 7 */

  /*  7 */  {  'z',  0, 4, etDYNSTRING,  0,  0,  6 },
  /*  8 */  {  'd', 10, 1, etDECIMAL,    0,  0,  0 },
  /*  9 */  {  'e',  0, 1, etEXP,        30, 0,  0 },
  /* 10 */  {  'f',  0, 1, etFLOAT,      0,  0,  0 },
  /* 11 */  {  'g',  0, 1, etGENERIC,    30, 0,  0 },

  /* 12 */  {  'Q',  0, 4, etESCAPE_Q,   0,  0,  0 },
  /* 13 */  {  'i', 10, 1, etDECIMAL,    0,  0,  0 },

  /* 14 */  {  '%',  0, 0, etPERCENT,    0,  0, 16 },



  /* 15 */  {  'T',  0, 0, etTOKEN,      0,  0,  0 },
  /* 16 */  {  'S',  0, 0, etSRCITEM,    0,  0,  0 },  /* Hash: 14 */
  /* 17 */  {  'X', 16, 0, etRADIX,      0,  4,  0 },  /* Hash: 19 */
  /* 18 */  {  'n',  0, 0, etSIZE,       0,  0,  0 },
  /* 19 */  {  'o',  8, 0, etRADIX,      0,  2, 17 },
  /* 20 */  {  'p', 16, 0, etPOINTER,    0,  1,  0 },
  /* 21 */  {  'q',  0, 4, etESCAPE_q,   0,  0,  0 },
  /* 22 */  {  'r', 10, 1, etORDINAL,    0,  0,  0 }
};

/* Additional Notes:
**
**    %S    Takes a pointer to SrcItem.  Shows name or database.name
**    %!S   Like %S but prefer the zName over the zAlias
*/

/*
** Set the StrAccum object to an error mode.

  }
  for(; (c=(*fmt))!=0; ++fmt){
    if( c!='%' ){
      bufpt = (char *)fmt;
#if HAVE_STRCHRNUL
      fmt = strchrnul(fmt, '%');
#else
      fmt = strchr(fmt, '%');
      if( fmt==0 ){
        fmt = bufpt + strlen(bufpt);
      }
#endif
      sqlite3_str_append(pAccum, bufpt, (int)(fmt - bufpt));
      if( *fmt==0 ) break;
    }
    if( (c=(*++fmt))==0 ){
      sqlite3_str_append(pAccum, "%", 1);
      break;

          }
          break;
        }
      }
    }while( !done && (c=(*++fmt))!=0 );

    /* Fetch the info entry for the field */
#ifdef SQLITE_EBCDIC
    /* The hash table only works for ASCII.  For EBCDIC, we need to do
    ** a linear search of the table */
    infop = &fmtinfo[0];
    xtype = etINVALID;
    for(idx=0; idx<ArraySize(fmtinfo); idx++){
      if( c==fmtinfo[idx].fmttype ){
        infop = &fmtinfo[idx];
        xtype = infop->type;
        break;
      }
    }
#else
    /* Fast hash-table lookup */
    assert( ArraySize(fmtinfo)==23 );
    idx = ((unsigned)c) % 23;
    if( fmtinfo[idx].fmttype==c
     || fmtinfo[idx = fmtinfo[idx].iNxt].fmttype==c
    ){
      infop = &fmtinfo[idx];
      xtype = infop->type;
    }else{
      infop = &fmtinfo[0];
      xtype = etINVALID;
    }
#endif

    /*
    ** At this point, variables are initialized as follows:
    **
    **   flag_alternateform          TRUE if a '#' is present.
    **   flag_altform2               TRUE if a '!' is present.
    **   flag_prefix                 '+' or ' ' or zero

      sqlite3ValueFree(preupdate.apDflt[i]);
    }
    sqlite3DbFree(db, preupdate.apDflt);
  }
}
#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK */

#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PERCENTILE
/*
** Return the name of an SQL function associated with the sqlite3_context.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE const char *sqlite3VdbeFuncName(const sqlite3_context *pCtx){
  assert( pCtx!=0 );
  assert( pCtx->pFunc!=0 );
  return pCtx->pFunc->zName;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_PERCENTILE */

/************** End of vdbeaux.c *********************************************/
/************** Begin file vdbeapi.c *****************************************/
/*
** 2004 May 26
**
** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
** a legal notice, here is a blessing:

  rc = vdbeUnbind(p, (u32)(i-1));
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    assert( p!=0 && p->aVar!=0 && i>0 && i<=p->nVar ); /* tag-20240917-01 */
    if( zData!=0 ){
      pVar = &p->aVar[i-1];
      rc = sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(pVar, zData, nData, encoding, xDel);
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        if( encoding==0 ){
          pVar->enc = ENC(p->db);
        }else{
          rc = sqlite3VdbeChangeEncoding(pVar, ENC(p->db));
        }
      }
      if( rc ){
        sqlite3Error(p->db, rc);
        rc = sqlite3ApiExit(p->db, rc);
      }
    }
    sqlite3_mutex_leave(p->db->mutex);

  Vdbe *v;           /* statement being coded */

  assert( pExpr!=0 );
  op = pExpr->op;
  assert( op==TK_AND || op==TK_OR );
  assert( TK_AND==OP_And );            testcase( op==TK_AND );
  assert( TK_OR==OP_Or );              testcase( op==TK_OR );
  assert( pParse->pVdbe!=0 );
  v = pParse->pVdbe;
  pAlt = sqlite3ExprSimplifiedAndOr(pExpr);
  if( pAlt!=pExpr ){
    r1 = sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(pParse, pAlt, target);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_BitAnd, r1, r1, target);
    return target;
  }


  skipOp = op==TK_AND ? OP_IfNot : OP_If;
  if( exprEvalRhsFirst(pExpr) ){
    /* Compute the right operand first.  Skip the computation of the left
    ** operand if the right operand fully determines the result */
    r2 = regSS = sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(pParse, pExpr->pRight, target);
    addrSkip = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, skipOp, r2);
    VdbeComment((v, "skip left operand"));

      if( pMod==0 && sqlite3_strnicmp(zName, "pragma_", 7)==0 ){
        pMod = sqlite3PragmaVtabRegister(db, zName);
      }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_JSON
      if( pMod==0 && sqlite3_strnicmp(zName, "json", 4)==0 ){
        pMod = sqlite3JsonVtabRegister(db, zName);
      }
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CARRAY
      if( pMod==0 && sqlite3_stricmp(zName, "carray")==0 ){
        pMod = sqlite3CarrayRegister(db);
      }
#endif
      if( pMod && sqlite3VtabEponymousTableInit(pParse, pMod) ){
        testcase( pMod->pEpoTab==0 );
        return pMod->pEpoTab;
      }
    }
#endif

/*
** Return true if z[] begins with N hexadecimal digits, and write
** a decoding of those digits into *pVal.  Or return false if any
** one of the first N characters in z[] is not a hexadecimal digit.
*/
static int isNHex(const char *z, int N, u32 *pVal){
  int i;
  u32 v = 0;
  for(i=0; i<N; i++){
    if( !sqlite3Isxdigit(z[i]) ) return 0;
    v = (v<<4) + sqlite3HexToInt(z[i]);
  }
  *pVal = v;
  return 1;
}

  UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
  assert( argc==1 );
  type0 = sqlite3_value_numeric_type(argv[0]);
  if( type0!=SQLITE_INTEGER && type0!=SQLITE_FLOAT ) return;
  x = sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]);
  sqlite3_result_int(context, x<0.0 ? -1 : x>0.0 ? +1 : 0);
}

#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_PERCENTILE)
/***********************************************************************
** This section implements the percentile(Y,P) SQL function and similar.
** Requirements:
**
**   (1)  The percentile(Y,P) function is an aggregate function taking
**        exactly two arguments.
**
**   (2)  If the P argument to percentile(Y,P) is not the same for every
**        row in the aggregate then an error is thrown.  The word "same"
**        in the previous sentence means that the value differ by less
**        than 0.001.
**
**   (3)  If the P argument to percentile(Y,P) evaluates to anything other
**        than a number in the range of 0.0 to 100.0 inclusive then an
**        error is thrown.
**
**   (4)  If any Y argument to percentile(Y,P) evaluates to a value that
**        is not NULL and is not numeric then an error is thrown.
**
**   (5)  If any Y argument to percentile(Y,P) evaluates to plus or minus
**        infinity then an error is thrown.  (SQLite always interprets NaN
**        values as NULL.)
**
**   (6)  Both Y and P in percentile(Y,P) can be arbitrary expressions,
**        including CASE WHEN expressions.
**
**   (7)  The percentile(Y,P) aggregate is able to handle inputs of at least
**        one million (1,000,000) rows.
**
**   (8)  If there are no non-NULL values for Y, then percentile(Y,P)
**        returns NULL.
**
**   (9)  If there is exactly one non-NULL value for Y, the percentile(Y,P)
**        returns the one Y value.
**
**  (10)  If there N non-NULL values of Y where N is two or more and
**        the Y values are ordered from least to greatest and a graph is
**        drawn from 0 to N-1 such that the height of the graph at J is
**        the J-th Y value and such that straight lines are drawn between
**        adjacent Y values, then the percentile(Y,P) function returns
**        the height of the graph at P*(N-1)/100.
**
**  (11)  The percentile(Y,P) function always returns either a floating
**        point number or NULL.
**
**  (12)  The percentile(Y,P) is implemented as a single C99 source-code
**        file that compiles into a shared-library or DLL that can be loaded
**        into SQLite using the sqlite3_load_extension() interface.
**
**  (13)  A separate median(Y) function is the equivalent percentile(Y,50).
**
**  (14)  A separate percentile_cont(Y,P) function is equivalent to
**        percentile(Y,P/100.0).  In other words, the fraction value in
**        the second argument is in the range of 0 to 1 instead of 0 to 100.
**
**  (15)  A separate percentile_disc(Y,P) function is like
**        percentile_cont(Y,P) except that instead of returning the weighted
**        average of the nearest two input values, it returns the next lower
**        value.  So the percentile_disc(Y,P) will always return a value
**        that was one of the inputs.
**
**  (16)  All of median(), percentile(Y,P), percentile_cont(Y,P) and
**        percentile_disc(Y,P) can be used as window functions.
**
** Differences from standard SQL:
**
**  *  The percentile_cont(X,P) function is equivalent to the following in
**     standard SQL:
**
**         (percentile_cont(P) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY X))
**
**     The SQLite syntax is much more compact.  The standard SQL syntax
**     is also supported if SQLite is compiled with the
**     -DSQLITE_ENABLE_ORDERED_SET_AGGREGATES option.
**
**  *  No median(X) function exists in the SQL standard.  App developers
**     are expected to write "percentile_cont(0.5)WITHIN GROUP(ORDER BY X)".
**
**  *  No percentile(Y,P) function exists in the SQL standard.  Instead of
**     percential(Y,P), developers must write this:
**     "percentile_cont(P/100.0) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY Y)".  Note that
**     the fraction parameter to percentile() goes from 0 to 100 whereas
**     the fraction parameter in SQL standard percentile_cont() goes from
**     0 to 1.
**
** Implementation notes as of 2024-08-31:
**
**  *  The regular aggregate-function versions of these routines work
**     by accumulating all values in an array of doubles, then sorting
**     that array using quicksort before computing the answer. Thus
**     the runtime is O(NlogN) where N is the number of rows of input.
**
**  *  For the window-function versions of these routines, the array of
**     inputs is sorted as soon as the first value is computed.  Thereafter,
**     the array is kept in sorted order using an insert-sort.  This
**     results in O(N*K) performance where K is the size of the window.
**     One can imagine alternative implementations that give O(N*logN*logK)
**     performance, but they require more complex logic and data structures.
**     The developers have elected to keep the asymptotically slower
**     algorithm for now, for simplicity, under the theory that window
**     functions are seldom used and when they are, the window size K is
**     often small.  The developers might revisit that decision later,
**     should the need arise.
*/

/* The following object is the group context for a single percentile()
** aggregate.  Remember all input Y values until the very end.
** Those values are accumulated in the Percentile.a[] array.
*/
typedef struct Percentile Percentile;
struct Percentile {
  unsigned nAlloc;     /* Number of slots allocated for a[] */
  unsigned nUsed;      /* Number of slots actually used in a[] */
  char bSorted;        /* True if a[] is already in sorted order */
  char bKeepSorted;    /* True if advantageous to keep a[] sorted */
  char bPctValid;      /* True if rPct is valid */
  double rPct;         /* Fraction.  0.0 to 1.0 */
  double *a;           /* Array of Y values */
};

/*
** Return TRUE if the input floating-point number is an infinity.
*/
static int percentIsInfinity(double r){
  sqlite3_uint64 u;
  assert( sizeof(u)==sizeof(r) );
  memcpy(&u, &r, sizeof(u));
  return ((u>>52)&0x7ff)==0x7ff;
}

/*
** Return TRUE if two doubles differ by 0.001 or less.
*/
static int percentSameValue(double a, double b){
  a -= b;
  return a>=-0.001 && a<=0.001;
}

/*
** Search p (which must have p->bSorted) looking for an entry with
** value y.  Return the index of that entry.
**
** If bExact is true, return -1 if the entry is not found.
**
** If bExact is false, return the index at which a new entry with
** value y should be insert in order to keep the values in sorted
** order.  The smallest return value in this case will be 0, and
** the largest return value will be p->nUsed.
*/
static int percentBinarySearch(Percentile *p, double y, int bExact){
  int iFirst = 0;              /* First element of search range */
  int iLast = p->nUsed - 1;    /* Last element of search range */
  while( iLast>=iFirst ){
    int iMid = (iFirst+iLast)/2;
    double x = p->a[iMid];
    if( x<y ){
      iFirst = iMid + 1;
    }else if( x>y ){
      iLast = iMid - 1;
    }else{
      return iMid;
    }
  }
  if( bExact ) return -1;
  return iFirst;
}

/*
** Generate an error for a percentile function.
**
** The error format string must have exactly one occurrence of "%%s()"
** (with two '%' characters).  That substring will be replaced by the name
** of the function.
*/
static void percentError(sqlite3_context *pCtx, const char *zFormat, ...){
  char *zMsg1;
  char *zMsg2;
  va_list ap;

  va_start(ap, zFormat);
  zMsg1 = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFormat, ap);
  va_end(ap);
  zMsg2 = zMsg1 ? sqlite3_mprintf(zMsg1, sqlite3VdbeFuncName(pCtx)) : 0;
  sqlite3_result_error(pCtx, zMsg2, -1);
  sqlite3_free(zMsg1);
  sqlite3_free(zMsg2);
}

/*
** The "step" function for percentile(Y,P) is called once for each
** input row.
*/
static void percentStep(sqlite3_context *pCtx, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  Percentile *p;
  double rPct;
  int eType;
  double y;
  assert( argc==2 || argc==1 );

  if( argc==1 ){
    /* Requirement 13:  median(Y) is the same as percentile(Y,50). */
    rPct = 0.5;
  }else{
    /* P must be a number between 0 and 100 for percentile() or between
    ** 0.0 and 1.0 for percentile_cont() and percentile_disc().
    **
    ** The user-data is an integer which is 10 times the upper bound.
    */
    double mxFrac = (SQLITE_PTR_TO_INT(sqlite3_user_data(pCtx))&2)? 100.0 : 1.0;
    eType = sqlite3_value_numeric_type(argv[1]);
    rPct = sqlite3_value_double(argv[1])/mxFrac;
    if( (eType!=SQLITE_INTEGER && eType!=SQLITE_FLOAT)
     || rPct<0.0 || rPct>1.0
    ){
      percentError(pCtx, "the fraction argument to %%s()"
                        " is not between 0.0 and %.1f",
                        (double)mxFrac);
      return;
    }
  }

  /* Allocate the session context. */
  p = (Percentile*)sqlite3_aggregate_context(pCtx, sizeof(*p));
  if( p==0 ) return;

  /* Remember the P value.  Throw an error if the P value is different
  ** from any prior row, per Requirement (2). */
  if( !p->bPctValid ){
    p->rPct = rPct;
    p->bPctValid = 1;
  }else if( !percentSameValue(p->rPct,rPct) ){
    percentError(pCtx, "the fraction argument to %%s()"
                      " is not the same for all input rows");
    return;
  }

  /* Ignore rows for which Y is NULL */
  eType = sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]);
  if( eType==SQLITE_NULL ) return;

  /* If not NULL, then Y must be numeric.  Otherwise throw an error.
  ** Requirement 4 */
  if( eType!=SQLITE_INTEGER && eType!=SQLITE_FLOAT ){
    percentError(pCtx, "input to %%s() is not numeric");
    return;
  }

  /* Throw an error if the Y value is infinity or NaN */
  y = sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]);
  if( percentIsInfinity(y) ){
    percentError(pCtx, "Inf input to %%s()");
    return;
  }

  /* Allocate and store the Y */
  if( p->nUsed>=p->nAlloc ){
    unsigned n = p->nAlloc*2 + 250;
    double *a = sqlite3_realloc64(p->a, sizeof(double)*n);
    if( a==0 ){
      sqlite3_free(p->a);
      memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
      sqlite3_result_error_nomem(pCtx);
      return;
    }
    p->nAlloc = n;
    p->a = a;
  }
  if( p->nUsed==0 ){
    p->a[p->nUsed++] = y;
    p->bSorted = 1;
  }else if( !p->bSorted || y>=p->a[p->nUsed-1] ){
    p->a[p->nUsed++] = y;
  }else if( p->bKeepSorted ){
    int i;
    i = percentBinarySearch(p, y, 0);
    if( i<(int)p->nUsed ){
      memmove(&p->a[i+1], &p->a[i], (p->nUsed-i)*sizeof(p->a[0]));
    }
    p->a[i] = y;
    p->nUsed++;
  }else{
    p->a[p->nUsed++] = y;
    p->bSorted = 0;
  }
}

/*
** Interchange two doubles.
*/
#define SWAP_DOUBLE(X,Y)  {double ttt=(X);(X)=(Y);(Y)=ttt;}

/*
** Sort an array of doubles.
**
** Algorithm: quicksort
**
** This is implemented separately rather than using the qsort() routine
** from the standard library because:
**
**    (1)  To avoid a dependency on qsort()
**    (2)  To avoid the function call to the comparison routine for each
**         comparison.
*/
static void percentSort(double *a, unsigned int n){
  int iLt;  /* Entries before a[iLt] are less than rPivot */
  int iGt;  /* Entries at or after a[iGt] are greater than rPivot */
  int i;         /* Loop counter */
  double rPivot; /* The pivot value */

  assert( n>=2 );
  if( a[0]>a[n-1] ){
    SWAP_DOUBLE(a[0],a[n-1])
  }
  if( n==2 ) return;
  iGt = n-1;
  i = n/2;
  if( a[0]>a[i] ){
    SWAP_DOUBLE(a[0],a[i])
  }else if( a[i]>a[iGt] ){
    SWAP_DOUBLE(a[i],a[iGt])
  }
  if( n==3 ) return;
  rPivot = a[i];
  iLt = i = 1;
  do{
    if( a[i]<rPivot ){
      if( i>iLt ) SWAP_DOUBLE(a[i],a[iLt])
      iLt++;
      i++;
    }else if( a[i]>rPivot ){
      do{
        iGt--;
      }while( iGt>i && a[iGt]>rPivot );
      SWAP_DOUBLE(a[i],a[iGt])
    }else{
      i++;
    }
  }while( i<iGt );
  if( iLt>=2 ) percentSort(a, iLt);
  if( n-iGt>=2 ) percentSort(a+iGt, n-iGt);

/* Uncomment for testing */
#if 0
  for(i=0; i<n-1; i++){
    assert( a[i]<=a[i+1] );
  }
#endif
}


/*
** The "inverse" function for percentile(Y,P) is called to remove a
** row that was previously inserted by "step".
*/
static void percentInverse(sqlite3_context *pCtx,int argc,sqlite3_value **argv){
  Percentile *p;
  int eType;
  double y;
  int i;
  assert( argc==2 || argc==1 );

  /* Allocate the session context. */
  p = (Percentile*)sqlite3_aggregate_context(pCtx, sizeof(*p));
  assert( p!=0 );

  /* Ignore rows for which Y is NULL */
  eType = sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]);
  if( eType==SQLITE_NULL ) return;

  /* If not NULL, then Y must be numeric.  Otherwise throw an error.
  ** Requirement 4 */
  if( eType!=SQLITE_INTEGER && eType!=SQLITE_FLOAT ){
    return;
  }

  /* Ignore the Y value if it is infinity or NaN */
  y = sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]);
  if( percentIsInfinity(y) ){
    return;
  }
  if( p->bSorted==0 ){
    assert( p->nUsed>1 );
    percentSort(p->a, p->nUsed);
    p->bSorted = 1;
  }
  p->bKeepSorted = 1;

  /* Find and remove the row */
  i = percentBinarySearch(p, y, 1);
  if( i>=0 ){
    p->nUsed--;
    if( i<(int)p->nUsed ){
      memmove(&p->a[i], &p->a[i+1], (p->nUsed - i)*sizeof(p->a[0]));
    }
  }
}

/*
** Compute the final output of percentile().  Clean up all allocated
** memory if and only if bIsFinal is true.
*/
static void percentCompute(sqlite3_context *pCtx, int bIsFinal){
  Percentile *p;
  int settings = SQLITE_PTR_TO_INT(sqlite3_user_data(pCtx))&1; /* Discrete? */
  unsigned i1, i2;
  double v1, v2;
  double ix, vx;
  p = (Percentile*)sqlite3_aggregate_context(pCtx, 0);
  if( p==0 ) return;
  if( p->a==0 ) return;
  if( p->nUsed ){
    if( p->bSorted==0 ){
      assert( p->nUsed>1 );
      percentSort(p->a, p->nUsed);
      p->bSorted = 1;
    }
    ix = p->rPct*(p->nUsed-1);
    i1 = (unsigned)ix;
    if( settings & 1 ){
      vx = p->a[i1];
    }else{
      i2 = ix==(double)i1 || i1==p->nUsed-1 ? i1 : i1+1;
      v1 = p->a[i1];
      v2 = p->a[i2];
      vx = v1 + (v2-v1)*(ix-i1);
    }
    sqlite3_result_double(pCtx, vx);
  }
  if( bIsFinal ){
    sqlite3_free(p->a);
    memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
  }else{
    p->bKeepSorted = 1;
  }
}
static void percentFinal(sqlite3_context *pCtx){
  percentCompute(pCtx, 1);
}
static void percentValue(sqlite3_context *pCtx){
  percentCompute(pCtx, 0);
}
/****** End of percentile family of functions ******/
#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_PERCENTILE */


#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
/*
** Implementation of fpdecode(x,y,z) function.
**
** x is a real number that is to be decoded.  y is the precision.
** z is the maximum real precision.  Return a string that shows the

    WAGGREGATE(group_concat, 1, 0, 0, groupConcatStep,
        groupConcatFinalize, groupConcatValue, groupConcatInverse, 0),
    WAGGREGATE(group_concat, 2, 0, 0, groupConcatStep,
        groupConcatFinalize, groupConcatValue, groupConcatInverse, 0),
    WAGGREGATE(string_agg,   2, 0, 0, groupConcatStep,
        groupConcatFinalize, groupConcatValue, groupConcatInverse, 0),

#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PERCENTILE
    WAGGREGATE(median,          1,   0,0, percentStep,
        percentFinal, percentValue, percentInverse,
        SQLITE_INNOCUOUS|SQLITE_SELFORDER1),
    WAGGREGATE(percentile,      2, 0x2,0, percentStep,
        percentFinal, percentValue, percentInverse,
        SQLITE_INNOCUOUS|SQLITE_SELFORDER1),
    WAGGREGATE(percentile_cont, 2,   0,0, percentStep,
        percentFinal, percentValue, percentInverse,
        SQLITE_INNOCUOUS|SQLITE_SELFORDER1),
    WAGGREGATE(percentile_disc, 2, 0x1,0, percentStep,
        percentFinal, percentValue, percentInverse,
        SQLITE_INNOCUOUS|SQLITE_SELFORDER1),
#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_PERCENTILE */

    LIKEFUNC(glob, 2, &globInfo, SQLITE_FUNC_LIKE|SQLITE_FUNC_CASE),
#ifdef SQLITE_CASE_SENSITIVE_LIKE
    LIKEFUNC(like, 2, &likeInfoAlt, SQLITE_FUNC_LIKE|SQLITE_FUNC_CASE),
    LIKEFUNC(like, 3, &likeInfoAlt, SQLITE_FUNC_LIKE|SQLITE_FUNC_CASE),
#else
    LIKEFUNC(like, 2, &likeInfoNorm, SQLITE_FUNC_LIKE),
    LIKEFUNC(like, 3, &likeInfoNorm, SQLITE_FUNC_LIKE),

  return sqlite3_create_module(db, "sqlite_dbpage", &dbpage_module, 0);
}
#elif defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_DBPAGE_VTAB)
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3DbpageRegister(sqlite3 *db){ return SQLITE_OK; }
#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_DBSTAT_VTAB */

/************** End of dbpage.c **********************************************/
/************** Begin file carray.c ******************************************/
/*
** 2016-06-29
**
** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
**
**    May you do good and not evil.
**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
**
** This file implements a table-valued-function that
** returns the values in a C-language array.
** Examples:
**
**      SELECT * FROM carray($ptr,5)
**
** The query above returns 5 integers contained in a C-language array
** at the address $ptr.  $ptr is a pointer to the array of integers.
** The pointer value must be assigned to $ptr using the
** sqlite3_bind_pointer() interface with a pointer type of "carray".
** For example:
**
**    static int aX[] = { 53, 9, 17, 2231, 4, 99 };
**    int i = sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(pStmt, "$ptr");
**    sqlite3_bind_pointer(pStmt, i, aX, "carray", 0);
**
** There is an optional third parameter to determine the datatype of
** the C-language array.  Allowed values of the third parameter are
** 'int32', 'int64', 'double', 'char*', 'struct iovec'.  Example:
**
**      SELECT * FROM carray($ptr,10,'char*');
**
** The default value of the third parameter is 'int32'.
**
** HOW IT WORKS
**
** The carray "function" is really a virtual table with the
** following schema:
**
**     CREATE TABLE carray(
**       value,
**       pointer HIDDEN,
**       count HIDDEN,
**       ctype TEXT HIDDEN
**     );
**
** If the hidden columns "pointer" and "count" are unconstrained, then
** the virtual table has no rows.  Otherwise, the virtual table interprets
** the integer value of "pointer" as a pointer to the array and "count"
** as the number of elements in the array.  The virtual table steps through
** the array, element by element.
*/
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_CARRAY)
/* #include "sqliteInt.h" */
#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__RTP__) || defined(_WRS_KERNEL)
  struct iovec {
    void *iov_base;
    size_t iov_len;
  };
#else
# include <sys/uio.h>
#endif

/*
** Names of allowed datatypes
*/
static const char *azType[] = { "int32", "int64", "double", "char*",
                                "struct iovec" };

/*
** Structure used to hold the sqlite3_carray_bind() information
*/
typedef struct carray_bind carray_bind;
struct carray_bind {
  void *aData;                /* The data */
  int nData;                  /* Number of elements */
  int mFlags;                 /* Control flags */
  void (*xDel)(void*);        /* Destructor for aData */
};


/* carray_cursor is a subclass of sqlite3_vtab_cursor which will
** serve as the underlying representation of a cursor that scans
** over rows of the result
*/
typedef struct carray_cursor carray_cursor;
struct carray_cursor {
  sqlite3_vtab_cursor base;  /* Base class - must be first */
  sqlite3_int64 iRowid;      /* The rowid */
  void *pPtr;                /* Pointer to the array of values */
  sqlite3_int64 iCnt;        /* Number of integers in the array */
  unsigned char eType;       /* One of the CARRAY_type values */
};

/*
** The carrayConnect() method is invoked to create a new
** carray_vtab that describes the carray virtual table.
**
** Think of this routine as the constructor for carray_vtab objects.
**
** All this routine needs to do is:
**
**    (1) Allocate the carray_vtab object and initialize all fields.
**
**    (2) Tell SQLite (via the sqlite3_declare_vtab() interface) what the
**        result set of queries against carray will look like.
*/
static int carrayConnect(
  sqlite3 *db,
  void *pAux,
  int argc, const char *const*argv,
  sqlite3_vtab **ppVtab,
  char **pzErr
){
  sqlite3_vtab *pNew;
  int rc;

/* Column numbers */
#define CARRAY_COLUMN_VALUE   0
#define CARRAY_COLUMN_POINTER 1
#define CARRAY_COLUMN_COUNT   2
#define CARRAY_COLUMN_CTYPE   3

  rc = sqlite3_declare_vtab(db,
     "CREATE TABLE x(value,pointer hidden,count hidden,ctype hidden)");
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    pNew = *ppVtab = sqlite3_malloc( sizeof(*pNew) );
    if( pNew==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
    memset(pNew, 0, sizeof(*pNew));
  }
  return rc;
}

/*
** This method is the destructor for carray_cursor objects.
*/
static int carrayDisconnect(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab){
  sqlite3_free(pVtab);
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

/*
** Constructor for a new carray_cursor object.
*/
static int carrayOpen(sqlite3_vtab *p, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor){
  carray_cursor *pCur;
  pCur = sqlite3_malloc( sizeof(*pCur) );
  if( pCur==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
  memset(pCur, 0, sizeof(*pCur));
  *ppCursor = &pCur->base;
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

/*
** Destructor for a carray_cursor.
*/
static int carrayClose(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
  sqlite3_free(cur);
  return SQLITE_OK;
}


/*
** Advance a carray_cursor to its next row of output.
*/
static int carrayNext(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
  carray_cursor *pCur = (carray_cursor*)cur;
  pCur->iRowid++;
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

/*
** Return values of columns for the row at which the carray_cursor
** is currently pointing.
*/
static int carrayColumn(
  sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur,   /* The cursor */
  sqlite3_context *ctx,       /* First argument to sqlite3_result_...() */
  int i                       /* Which column to return */
){
  carray_cursor *pCur = (carray_cursor*)cur;
  sqlite3_int64 x = 0;
  switch( i ){
    case CARRAY_COLUMN_POINTER:   return SQLITE_OK;
    case CARRAY_COLUMN_COUNT:     x = pCur->iCnt;   break;
    case CARRAY_COLUMN_CTYPE: {
      sqlite3_result_text(ctx, azType[pCur->eType], -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
      return SQLITE_OK;
    }
    default: {
      switch( pCur->eType ){
        case CARRAY_INT32: {
          int *p = (int*)pCur->pPtr;
          sqlite3_result_int(ctx, p[pCur->iRowid-1]);
          return SQLITE_OK;
        }
        case CARRAY_INT64: {
          sqlite3_int64 *p = (sqlite3_int64*)pCur->pPtr;
          sqlite3_result_int64(ctx, p[pCur->iRowid-1]);
          return SQLITE_OK;
        }
        case CARRAY_DOUBLE: {
          double *p = (double*)pCur->pPtr;
          sqlite3_result_double(ctx, p[pCur->iRowid-1]);
          return SQLITE_OK;
        }
        case CARRAY_TEXT: {
          const char **p = (const char**)pCur->pPtr;
          sqlite3_result_text(ctx, p[pCur->iRowid-1], -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
          return SQLITE_OK;
        }
        default: {
          const struct iovec *p = (struct iovec*)pCur->pPtr;
          assert( pCur->eType==CARRAY_BLOB );
          sqlite3_result_blob(ctx, p[pCur->iRowid-1].iov_base,
                              (int)p[pCur->iRowid-1].iov_len, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
          return SQLITE_OK;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  sqlite3_result_int64(ctx, x);
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

/*
** Return the rowid for the current row.  In this implementation, the
** rowid is the same as the output value.
*/
static int carrayRowid(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur, sqlite_int64 *pRowid){
  carray_cursor *pCur = (carray_cursor*)cur;
  *pRowid = pCur->iRowid;
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

/*
** Return TRUE if the cursor has been moved off of the last
** row of output.
*/
static int carrayEof(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
  carray_cursor *pCur = (carray_cursor*)cur;
  return pCur->iRowid>pCur->iCnt;
}

/*
** This method is called to "rewind" the carray_cursor object back
** to the first row of output.
*/
static int carrayFilter(
  sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pVtabCursor,
  int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
  int argc, sqlite3_value **argv
){
  carray_cursor *pCur = (carray_cursor *)pVtabCursor;
  pCur->pPtr = 0;
  pCur->iCnt = 0;
  switch( idxNum ){
    case 1: {
      carray_bind *pBind = sqlite3_value_pointer(argv[0], "carray-bind");
      if( pBind==0 ) break;
      pCur->pPtr = pBind->aData;
      pCur->iCnt = pBind->nData;
      pCur->eType = pBind->mFlags & 0x07;
      break;
    }
    case 2:
    case 3: {
      pCur->pPtr = sqlite3_value_pointer(argv[0], "carray");
      pCur->iCnt = pCur->pPtr ? sqlite3_value_int64(argv[1]) : 0;
      if( idxNum<3 ){
        pCur->eType = CARRAY_INT32;
      }else{
        unsigned char i;
        const char *zType = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[2]);
        for(i=0; i<sizeof(azType)/sizeof(azType[0]); i++){
          if( sqlite3_stricmp(zType, azType[i])==0 ) break;
        }
        if( i>=sizeof(azType)/sizeof(azType[0]) ){
          pVtabCursor->pVtab->zErrMsg = sqlite3_mprintf(
            "unknown datatype: %Q", zType);
          return SQLITE_ERROR;
        }else{
          pCur->eType = i;
        }
      }
      break;
    }
  }
  pCur->iRowid = 1;
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

/*
** SQLite will invoke this method one or more times while planning a query
** that uses the carray virtual table.  This routine needs to create
** a query plan for each invocation and compute an estimated cost for that
** plan.
**
** In this implementation idxNum is used to represent the
** query plan.  idxStr is unused.
**
** idxNum is:
**
**    1    If only the pointer= constraint exists.  In this case, the
**         parameter must be bound using sqlite3_carray_bind().
**
**    2    if the pointer= and count= constraints exist.
**
**    3    if the ctype= constraint also exists.
**
** idxNum is 0 otherwise and carray becomes an empty table.
*/
static int carrayBestIndex(
  sqlite3_vtab *tab,
  sqlite3_index_info *pIdxInfo
){
  int i;                 /* Loop over constraints */
  int ptrIdx = -1;       /* Index of the pointer= constraint, or -1 if none */
  int cntIdx = -1;       /* Index of the count= constraint, or -1 if none */
  int ctypeIdx = -1;     /* Index of the ctype= constraint, or -1 if none */
  unsigned seen = 0;     /* Bitmask of == constrainted columns */

  const struct sqlite3_index_constraint *pConstraint;
  pConstraint = pIdxInfo->aConstraint;
  for(i=0; i<pIdxInfo->nConstraint; i++, pConstraint++){
    if( pConstraint->op!=SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ ) continue;
    if( pConstraint->iColumn>=0 ) seen |= 1 << pConstraint->iColumn;
    if( pConstraint->usable==0 ) continue;
    switch( pConstraint->iColumn ){
      case CARRAY_COLUMN_POINTER:
        ptrIdx = i;
        break;
      case CARRAY_COLUMN_COUNT:
        cntIdx = i;
        break;
      case CARRAY_COLUMN_CTYPE:
        ctypeIdx = i;
        break;
    }
  }
  if( ptrIdx>=0 ){
    pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[ptrIdx].argvIndex = 1;
    pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[ptrIdx].omit = 1;
    pIdxInfo->estimatedCost = (double)1;
    pIdxInfo->estimatedRows = 100;
    pIdxInfo->idxNum = 1;
    if( cntIdx>=0 ){
      pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[cntIdx].argvIndex = 2;
      pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[cntIdx].omit = 1;
      pIdxInfo->idxNum = 2;
      if( ctypeIdx>=0 ){
        pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[ctypeIdx].argvIndex = 3;
        pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[ctypeIdx].omit = 1;
        pIdxInfo->idxNum = 3;
      }else if( seen & (1<<CARRAY_COLUMN_CTYPE) ){
        /* In a three-argument carray(), we need to know the value of all
        ** three arguments */
        return SQLITE_CONSTRAINT;
      }
    }else if( seen & (1<<CARRAY_COLUMN_COUNT) ){
      /* In a two-argument carray(), we need to know the value of both
      ** arguments */
      return SQLITE_CONSTRAINT;
    }
  }else{
    pIdxInfo->estimatedCost = (double)2147483647;
    pIdxInfo->estimatedRows = 2147483647;
    pIdxInfo->idxNum = 0;
  }
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

/*
** This following structure defines all the methods for the
** carray virtual table.
*/
static sqlite3_module carrayModule = {
  0,                         /* iVersion */
  0,                         /* xCreate */
  carrayConnect,             /* xConnect */
  carrayBestIndex,           /* xBestIndex */
  carrayDisconnect,          /* xDisconnect */
  0,                         /* xDestroy */
  carrayOpen,                /* xOpen - open a cursor */
  carrayClose,               /* xClose - close a cursor */
  carrayFilter,              /* xFilter - configure scan constraints */
  carrayNext,                /* xNext - advance a cursor */
  carrayEof,                 /* xEof - check for end of scan */
  carrayColumn,              /* xColumn - read data */
  carrayRowid,               /* xRowid - read data */
  0,                         /* xUpdate */
  0,                         /* xBegin */
  0,                         /* xSync */
  0,                         /* xCommit */
  0,                         /* xRollback */
  0,                         /* xFindMethod */
  0,                         /* xRename */
  0,                         /* xSavepoint */
  0,                         /* xRelease */
  0,                         /* xRollbackTo */
  0,                         /* xShadow */
  0                          /* xIntegrity */
};

/*
** Destructor for the carray_bind object
*/
static void carrayBindDel(void *pPtr){
  carray_bind *p = (carray_bind*)pPtr;
  if( p->xDel!=SQLITE_STATIC ){
     p->xDel(p->aData);
  }
  sqlite3_free(p);
}

/*
** Invoke this interface in order to bind to the single-argument
** version of CARRAY().
*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_carray_bind(
  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,
  int idx,
  void *aData,
  int nData,
  int mFlags,
  void (*xDestroy)(void*)
){
  carray_bind *pNew = 0;
  int i;
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;

  /* Ensure that the mFlags value is acceptable. */
  assert( CARRAY_INT32==0 && CARRAY_INT64==1 && CARRAY_DOUBLE==2 );
  assert( CARRAY_TEXT==3 && CARRAY_BLOB==4 );
  if( mFlags<CARRAY_INT32 || mFlags>CARRAY_BLOB ){
    rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
    goto carray_bind_error;
  }

  pNew = sqlite3_malloc64(sizeof(*pNew));
  if( pNew==0 ){
    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
    goto carray_bind_error;
  }

  pNew->nData = nData;
  pNew->mFlags = mFlags;
  if( xDestroy==SQLITE_TRANSIENT ){
    sqlite3_int64 sz = nData;
    switch( mFlags ){
      case CARRAY_INT32:   sz *= 4;                     break;
      case CARRAY_INT64:   sz *= 8;                     break;
      case CARRAY_DOUBLE:  sz *= 8;                     break;
      case CARRAY_TEXT:    sz *= sizeof(char*);         break;
      default:             sz *= sizeof(struct iovec);  break;
    }
    if( mFlags==CARRAY_TEXT ){
      for(i=0; i<nData; i++){
        const char *z = ((char**)aData)[i];
        if( z ) sz += strlen(z) + 1;
      }
    }else if( mFlags==CARRAY_BLOB ){
      for(i=0; i<nData; i++){
        sz += ((struct iovec*)aData)[i].iov_len;
      }
    }

    pNew->aData = sqlite3_malloc64( sz );
    if( pNew->aData==0 ){
      rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
      goto carray_bind_error;
    }

    if( mFlags==CARRAY_TEXT ){
      char **az = (char**)pNew->aData;
      char *z = (char*)&az[nData];
      for(i=0; i<nData; i++){
        const char *zData = ((char**)aData)[i];
        sqlite3_int64 n;
        if( zData==0 ){
          az[i] = 0;
          continue;
        }
        az[i] = z;
        n = strlen(zData);
        memcpy(z, zData, n+1);
        z += n+1;
      }
    }else if( mFlags==CARRAY_BLOB ){
      struct iovec *p = (struct iovec*)pNew->aData;
      unsigned char *z = (unsigned char*)&p[nData];
      for(i=0; i<nData; i++){
        size_t n = ((struct iovec*)aData)[i].iov_len;
        p[i].iov_len = n;
        p[i].iov_base = z;
        z += n;
        memcpy(p[i].iov_base, ((struct iovec*)aData)[i].iov_base, n);
      }
    }else{
      memcpy(pNew->aData, aData, sz);
    }
    pNew->xDel = sqlite3_free;
  }else{
    pNew->aData = aData;
    pNew->xDel = xDestroy;
  }
  return sqlite3_bind_pointer(pStmt, idx, pNew, "carray-bind", carrayBindDel);

 carray_bind_error:
  if( xDestroy!=SQLITE_STATIC && xDestroy!=SQLITE_TRANSIENT ){
    xDestroy(aData);
  }
  sqlite3_free(pNew);
  return rc;
}

/*
** Invoke this routine to register the carray() function.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE Module *sqlite3CarrayRegister(sqlite3 *db){
  return sqlite3VtabCreateModule(db, "carray", &carrayModule, 0, 0);
}

#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_CARRAY) */

/************** End of carray.c **********************************************/
/************** Begin file sqlite3session.c **********************************/

#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK)
/* #include "sqlite3session.h" */
/* #include <assert.h> */
/* #include <string.h> */

static void fts5SourceIdFunc(
  sqlite3_context *pCtx,          /* Function call context */
  int nArg,                       /* Number of args */
  sqlite3_value **apUnused        /* Function arguments */
){
  assert( nArg==0 );
  UNUSED_PARAM2(nArg, apUnused);
  sqlite3_result_text(pCtx, "fts5: 2025-10-10 14:22:05 fe9cf68b513d1e8cfcde90f1982a7f4123f54e3ebb004d961a99bdf6bec03a32", -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
}

/*
** Implementation of fts5_locale(LOCALE, TEXT) function.
**
** If parameter LOCALE is NULL, or a zero-length string, then a copy of
** TEXT is returned. Otherwise, both LOCALE and TEXT are interpreted as

**   then the value passed to the xUpdate() method of this table as the
**   new.c value is an sqlite3_value_nochange() value. So in this case it
**   must be read from the saved row stored in Fts5Storage.pSavedRow.
**
**   This is necessary - using sqlite3_value_nochange() instead of just having
**   SQLite pass the original value back via xUpdate() - so as not to discard
**   any locale information associated with such values.

*/
struct Fts5Storage {
  Fts5Config *pConfig;
  Fts5Index *pIndex;
  int db_enc;                     /* Database encoding */
  int bTotalsValid;               /* True if nTotalRow/aTotalSize[] are valid */
  i64 nTotalRow;                  /* Total number of rows in FTS table */
  i64 *aTotalSize;                /* Total sizes of each column */
  sqlite3_stmt *pSavedRow;
  sqlite3_stmt *aStmt[13];
};


#if FTS5_STMT_SCAN_ASC!=0
# error "FTS5_STMT_SCAN_ASC mismatch"
#endif
#if FTS5_STMT_SCAN_DESC!=1

#define FTS5_STMT_REPLACE_CONTENT 5
#define FTS5_STMT_DELETE_CONTENT  6
#define FTS5_STMT_REPLACE_DOCSIZE 7
#define FTS5_STMT_DELETE_DOCSIZE  8
#define FTS5_STMT_LOOKUP_DOCSIZE  9
#define FTS5_STMT_REPLACE_CONFIG 10
#define FTS5_STMT_SCAN           11
#define FTS5_STMT_ENC_CONVERT    12

/*
** Prepare the two insert statements - Fts5Storage.pInsertContent and
** Fts5Storage.pInsertDocsize - if they have not already been prepared.
** Return SQLITE_OK if successful, or an SQLite error code if an error
** occurs.
*/

      "REPLACE INTO %Q.'%q_docsize' VALUES(?,?%s)",     /* REPLACE_DOCSIZE  */
      "DELETE FROM %Q.'%q_docsize' WHERE id=?",         /* DELETE_DOCSIZE  */

      "SELECT sz%s FROM %Q.'%q_docsize' WHERE id=?",    /* LOOKUP_DOCSIZE  */

      "REPLACE INTO %Q.'%q_config' VALUES(?,?)",        /* REPLACE_CONFIG */
      "SELECT %s FROM %s AS T",                         /* SCAN */
      "SELECT substr(?, 1)",                            /* ENC_CONVERT */
    };
    Fts5Config *pC = p->pConfig;
    char *zSql = 0;

    assert( ArraySize(azStmt)==ArraySize(p->aStmt) );

    switch( eStmt ){

        pConfig->zName, zPost, zErr
    );
    sqlite3_free(zErr);
  }

  return rc;
}

/*
** Set the value of Fts5Storage.db_enc to the db encoding. Return SQLITE_OK
** if successful, or an SQLite error code otherwise.
*/
static int fts5StorageFindDbEnc(Fts5Storage *p){
  const char *zSql = "PRAGMA encoding";
  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;

  rc = sqlite3_prepare(p->pConfig->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    if( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
      static const char *aEnc[] = {
        "UTF-8", "UTF-16le", "UTF-16be"
      };
      const char *zEnc = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 0);
      int ii;
      for(ii=0; ii<ArraySize(aEnc); ii++){
        if( sqlite3_stricmp(aEnc[ii], zEnc)==0 ){
          p->db_enc = ii+1;
          break;
        }
      }
    }
    rc = sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
  }

  return rc;
}

/*
** Open a new Fts5Index handle. If the bCreate argument is true, create
** and initialize the underlying tables
**
** If successful, set *pp to point to the new object and return SQLITE_OK.
** Otherwise, set *pp to NULL and return an SQLite error code.

  if( !p ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;

  memset(p, 0, (size_t)nByte);
  p->aTotalSize = (i64*)&p[1];
  p->pConfig = pConfig;
  p->pIndex = pIndex;

  rc = fts5StorageFindDbEnc(p);

  if( rc==SQLITE_OK && bCreate ){
    if( pConfig->eContent==FTS5_CONTENT_NORMAL
     || pConfig->eContent==FTS5_CONTENT_UNINDEXED
    ){
      int nDefn = 32 + pConfig->nCol*10;
      char *zDefn = sqlite3_malloc64(32 + (sqlite3_int64)pConfig->nCol * 20);
      if( zDefn==0 ){
        rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;

      rc = sqlite3_reset(pInsert);
    }
    *piRowid = sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(pConfig->db);
  }

  return rc;
}

/*
** Argument pVal is a blob value for which the internal encoding does not
** match the database encoding. This happens when using sqlite3_bind_blob()
** (which always sets encoding=utf8) with a utf-16 database. The problem
** is that fts5 is about to call sqlite3_column_text() on the value to
** obtain text for tokenization. And the conversion between text and blob
** must take place assuming the blob is encoded in database encoding -
** otherwise it won't match the text extracted from the same blob if it
** is read from the db later on.
**
** This function attempts to create a new value containing a copy of
** the blob in pVal, but with the encoding set to the database encoding.
** If successful, it sets (*ppOut) to point to the new value and returns
** SQLITE_OK. It is the responsibility of the caller to eventually free
** this value using sqlite3_value_free(). Or, if an error occurs, (*ppOut)
** is set to NULL and an SQLite error code returned.
*/
static int fts5EncodingFix(
  Fts5Storage *p,
  sqlite3_value *pVal,
  sqlite3_value **ppOut
){
  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
  int rc = fts5StorageGetStmt(
      p, FTS5_STMT_ENC_CONVERT, &pStmt, p->pConfig->pzErrmsg
  );
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    sqlite3_value *pDup = 0;
    const char *pBlob = sqlite3_value_blob(pVal);
    int nBlob = sqlite3_value_bytes(pVal);

    sqlite3_bind_blob(pStmt, 1, pBlob, nBlob, SQLITE_STATIC);

    if( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
      sqlite3_value *pX = sqlite3_column_value(pStmt, 0);
      pDup = sqlite3_value_dup(pX);
      if( pDup==0 ){
        rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
      }else{
        *ppOut = pX;
      }
    }
    rc = sqlite3_reset(pStmt);
    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
      sqlite3_value_free(pDup);
    }else{
      *ppOut = pDup;
    }
  }

  return rc;
}

/*
** Insert new entries into the FTS index and %_docsize table.
*/
static int sqlite3Fts5StorageIndexInsert(
  Fts5Storage *p,
  sqlite3_value **apVal,

  for(ctx.iCol=0; rc==SQLITE_OK && ctx.iCol<pConfig->nCol; ctx.iCol++){
    ctx.szCol = 0;
    if( pConfig->abUnindexed[ctx.iCol]==0 ){
      int nText = 0;              /* Size of pText in bytes */
      const char *pText = 0;      /* Pointer to buffer containing text value */
      int nLoc = 0;               /* Size of pText in bytes */
      const char *pLoc = 0;       /* Pointer to buffer containing text value */
      sqlite3_value *pFree = 0;

      sqlite3_value *pVal = apVal[ctx.iCol+2];
      if( p->pSavedRow && sqlite3_value_nochange(pVal) ){
        pVal = sqlite3_column_value(p->pSavedRow, ctx.iCol+1);
        if( pConfig->eContent==FTS5_CONTENT_NORMAL && pConfig->bLocale ){
          int iCol = ctx.iCol + 1 + pConfig->nCol;
          pLoc = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(p->pSavedRow, iCol);
          nLoc = sqlite3_column_bytes(p->pSavedRow, iCol);
        }
      }else{
        pVal = apVal[ctx.iCol+2];
      }

      if( pConfig->bLocale && sqlite3Fts5IsLocaleValue(pConfig, pVal) ){
        rc = sqlite3Fts5DecodeLocaleValue(pVal, &pText, &nText, &pLoc, &nLoc);
      }else{
        if( sqlite3_value_type(pVal)==SQLITE_BLOB
         && sqlite3_value_encoding(pVal)!=p->db_enc
        ){
          rc = fts5EncodingFix(p, pVal, &pFree);
          if( pFree ){
            assert( rc==SQLITE_OK );
            pVal = pFree;
          }
        }
        pText = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(pVal);
        nText = sqlite3_value_bytes(pVal);
      }

      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        sqlite3Fts5SetLocale(pConfig, pLoc, nLoc);
        rc = sqlite3Fts5Tokenize(pConfig,
            FTS5_TOKENIZE_DOCUMENT, pText, nText, (void*)&ctx,
            fts5StorageInsertCallback
        );
        sqlite3Fts5ClearLocale(pConfig);
      }
      if( pFree ){
        sqlite3_value_free(pFree);
      }
    }
    sqlite3Fts5BufferAppendVarint(&rc, &buf, ctx.szCol);
    p->aTotalSize[ctx.iCol] += (i64)ctx.szCol;
  }
  p->nTotalRow++;

  /* Write the %_docsize record */