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          201/NMODE Manual (Two Window Mode)                                  Page 18-1


          202/18.  Two Window Mode

            201/NMODE allows you to split the screen into two 202/windows 201/and use them to
          display parts of two files, or two parts of the same file.

                  C-X 2      Start showing two windows.
                  C-X 3      Show two windows but stay "in" the top one.
                  C-X 1      Show only one window again.
                  C-X O     Switch to the Other window
                  C-X E      Exchange Windows
                  C-X 4      Find buffer or file in other window.
                  C-X ^      Make this window bigger.
                  C-M-V     Scroll the other window.

            In 202/two window 201/mode, the text display portion of the screen is divided into
          two parts called 202/windows201/, which display different pieces of text.  The two
          windows can display two different files, or two parts of the same file.  Only
          one of the windows is selected; that is the window which the cursor is in.
          Editing normally takes place in that window alone.   To edit in the other
          window, you would give a special command to move the cursor to the other
          window, and then edit there.

            The command C-X 2 (203/two-windows-command201/) enters two-window mode.  A
          second mode line appears across the middle of the screen, dividing the text
          display area into two halves.   Window one, containing the same text as
          previously occupied the whole screen, fills the top half, while window two
          fills the bottom half.  The cursor moves to window two.  If this is your first
          entry to two-window mode, window two contains the output buffer OUTPUT.
          Otherwise, it contains the same text it held the last time you looked at it.  If
          given an argument, the same buffer that previously occupied the whole screen
          will appear in the lower window as well.

            To  return  to  viewing  only  one  window,  use  the  command  C-X  1
          (203/one-window-command201/).  Window one expands to fill the whole screen, and
          window two disappears until the next C-X 2.  C-U C-X 1 gets rid of window
          one and makes window two use the whole screen.  Neither of these depends
          on which window the cursor is in when the command is given.

            While   you   are   in   two   window   mode   you   can   use   C-X   O
          (203/other-window-command201/) to switch between the windows.  After doing C-X 2,
          the cursor is in window two.  Doing C-X O moves the cursor back to window
          one, to exactly where it was before the C-X 2.  The difference between this
          and doing C-X 1 is that C-X O leaves window two visible on the screen.  A
          second C-X O moves the cursor back into window two, to where it was before
          the first C-X O.  And so on...

            While  you  are  in  two  window  mode  you  can  also  call  C-X  E
          (203/exchange-windows-command201/) , which exchanges the physical positions of the
          two windows.  This leaves the cursor in the current window, and leaves the
          division of the screen unchanged, but it swaps the buffers displayed in the
          two portions of the screen.  As a result it can change the portion of each
          buffer that is displayed.
          201/Page 18-2                                  NMODE Manual (Two Window Mode)


            Often you will be editing one window while using the other just for
          reference.  Then, the command C-M-V (203/scroll-other-window-command201/) is very
          useful.   It scrolls the other window without switching to it and switching
          back.  It scrolls the same way C-V does:  with no argument, a whole screen
          up;   with an argument, that many lines up (or down, for a negative
          argument).  With just a minus sign (no digits) as an argument, C-M-V scrolls
          a whole screenful backwards (what M-V does).

            The C-X 3 (203/view-two-windows-command201/) command is like C-X 2 but leaves
          the cursor in window one.  That is, it makes window two appear at the
          bottom of the screen but leaves the cursor where it was.  C-X 2 is equivalent
          to C-X 3 C-X O.  C-X 3 is equivalent to C-X 2 C-X O, but C-X 3 is much
          faster.

            Normally, the screen is divided evenly between the two windows.  You can
          also  redistribute  screen  space  between  the  windows  with  the  C-X  ^
          (203/grow-window-command201/) command.  It makes the currently selected window
          get  one line bigger, or as many lines as is specified with a numeric
          argument.  With a negative argument, it makes the selected window smaller.
          Neither window can be squeezed to less than one line of visible text by C-X
          ^.  Overly large arguments squeeze one window to a line of text, then stop.
          The allocation of space to the windows is remembered while you are in one
          window mode and the same allocation is used when you return to two window
          mode.  The allocation changes only when you give a C-X ^ command.

            After leaving two-window mode, you can still use C-X O, but its meaning is
          different.  Window two does not appear, but whatever was being shown in it
          appears, in window one (the whole screen).  Whatever buffer used to be in
          window one is stuck, invisibly, into window two.  Another C-X O reverses
          the effect of the first.  For example, if window one shows buffer B and
          window two shows buffer OUTPUT (the usual case), and only window one is
          visible, then after a C-X O window one shows buffer OUTPUT and window
          two shows buffer B.

          202/18.1  Multiple Windows and Multiple Buffers

            201/Buffers can be selected independently in each window.   The C-X B
          command selects a new buffer in whichever window the cursor is in.  The
          other window's buffer does not change.  Window two's buffer is remembered
          while you are in one window mode, and when you return to two window mode
          that same buffer reappears in window two.  See Section 16 [Buffers], page 1.

            You can view one buffer in both windows.  Give C-X 2 an argument as in
          C-U C-X 2 to go into two window mode, with both windows showing the
          buffer which used to be in window one alone.  Although the same buffer
          appears in both windows, they have different values of point, so you can
          move around in window two while window one continues to show the same
          text.  Then, having found in window two the place you wish to refer to, you
          can go back to window one with C-X O to make your changes.  Finally you
          can do C-X 1 to make window two leave the screen.  If you are already in
          two window mode, C-U C-X O switches windows carrying the buffer from the
          old window to the new one so that both windows show that buffer.
          201/NMODE Manual (Multiple Windows and Multiple Buffers)              Page 18-3


            If you have the same buffer in both windows, you must beware of trying to
          visit a different file in one of the windows with C-X C-V, because if you
          bring a new file into this buffer, it will replace the old file in 203/both 201/windows.
          To view different files in the two windows again, you must switch buffers in
          one of the windows first (with C-X B or C-X C-F, perhaps).

            A convenient "combination" command for viewing something in the other
          window is C-X 4 (203/visit-in-other-window-command201/).  With this command you
          can ask to see any specified buffer or file in the other window.  Follow the
          C-X 4 with either B and a buffer name, F or C-F and a file name.  This
          switches to the other window and finds there what you specified.  If you
          were previously in one-window mode, two-window mode is entered.  C-X 4 B
          is similar to to C-X 2 C-X B.  C-X 4 F is similar to C-X 2 C-X C-F.  The
          difference is one of efficiency, and also that C-X 4 works equally well if you
          are already using two windows.