function N = mtt_check_sigs (outsig,insigs)

  ## usage:  N = mtt_check_sigs (outsig,insigs)
  ##
  ## 

  ##  A signal has the columns: bond number signal causality (+1 or -1)
  ##  and component port number

  M=3;

  ## Sanity check
  [N_out,M_out] = size(outsig);
  if N_out<>1
    error("There must be exactly one outbond");
  endif
  [N_in,M_in] = size(insigs);
  if (M_out!=M)||(M_in!=M)
    error(sprintf("There must be exactly %i elements to a bond (number, causality, port)",M));
  endif

  N = N_in;

endfunction

function [known] = mtt_component_eqn (fullname, port, causality, known)

  ## function [known] = mtt_component_eqn (fullname, port, causality, known)
  ##
  ## Recursively finds the equations giving the signal of specified
  ## causality on the specified port of component named "name" within
  ## subsystem Name 

  ## fullname:  name of component and subsystem
  ## port: port number of component
  ## causality: effort or flow
  ## know_list: list of components already known

  ## Data structures.
  ## A signal is a row vector containing three numbers:
  ##   Index -- a unique (within a subsystem) signed integer
  ##            abs(index) is the unique bond number, sign is the direction.
  ##   Causality -- 1 for effort, -1 for flow
  ##   Port -- the port of the component to which it is connected.
  ## 

  [Name,name] = mtt_subname(fullname); # Split fullname

  SD = "__";			# Subsystem delimiter
  CD = "\n%%";			# Comment delimiter

  DEBUG = 0;

  if DEBUG
    disp("=======================================");
    fullname, name, Name, port,causality,known
  endif
  
  eqn="## No equation -- something wrong"; # Default

  if length(known)<2		# Invalid
    known = "  ";
  endif
  
  ## File containing data structure
  cbg_file = sprintf("%s_cbg",Name);

  if (exist(cbg_file)==0)
    error(sprintf("mtt_component_eqn: subystem \"%s\" does not exist", Name));
  endif
  
  ## Subsystem data structure
  cbg = eval(sprintf("%s;", cbg_file));

  if struct_contains (cbg, "ports")
    ## Combine ports with the other subsystems
    for [component_structure, component] = cbg.ports
      eval(sprintf("cbg.subsystems.%s=cbg.ports.%s;",component,component));
    endfor
  endif
  

  ## Call to a subsystem (represented by name="")
  if strcmp(name,"")
    if !struct_contains(cbg,"portlist")
      N_ports = 0;
    else
      [N_ports,M_ports] = size(cbg.portlist);
    endif
    
    if port>N_ports
      error(sprintf("port (%i) > N_ports (%i)", port, N_ports));
    else			# Get name and find equation
      name = deblank(cbg.portlist(port,:));
      if DEBUG
	disp("----> lower-level system")
      endif
      known = mtt_component_eqn (mtt_fullname(Name,name), 1, causality, known);
      return
    endif
  endif
  

  ## Other causality representations
  if strcmp(causality,"effort")
    i_cause = 1;
    othercausality = "flow";
    index_cause = 1;
    cause = "e";
  elseif strcmp(causality,"flow")
    i_cause = -1;
    othercausality = "effort";
    index_cause = 2;
    cause = "f";
  else
    error(sprintf("mtt_component_eqn: causality %s invalid", causality));
  endif
  
  ## A useful composite name
  name_port_cause = sprintf("%s_%i_%s",name, port, cause);
  full_name_port_cause = mtt_fullname(Name,name_port_cause);

  ## If value is known, don't do anything.
  if findstr(sprintf(" %s ", full_name_port_cause), known)>0
    eqn = sprintf("%s The %s signal on port %i of %s is known already", \
		  CD, causality, port, name);
    return
  else			# Add to list
    known = sprintf("%s %s", known, full_name_port_cause);
  endif
  
  
  
  ## Component type
  comp_type = eval(sprintf("cbg.subsystems.%s.type;", name));
  if DEBUG
    comp_type
  endif
  
  ## Component cr
  cr = eval(sprintf("cbg.subsystems.%s.cr;", name));

  ## Component arg
  arg = eval(sprintf("cbg.subsystems.%s.arg;", name));

  ## To which bond(s) is the component connected?
  connections = eval(sprintf("cbg.subsystems.%s.connections;", name));
  bond_list = abs(connections);	# Unsigned list 
  out_bond_number = bond_list(port);	# The bond at the output of this component
  direction = sign(connections); # Bond directions
  directions = direction'*[1 1]; 

  ## List of system bonds
  bonds = cbg.bonds;

  ## List of component bond causality (component-orientated causality)
  comp_bonds = bonds(bond_list,:).*directions; # Component bonds

  ## What components are at the other ends of the in bonds?
  ## Effort
  [in_e_bonds,in_e_components,in_e_ports,N_e] = mtt_component_inputs \
      (name,comp_type,causality,"effort",comp_bonds,connections,cbg);
  ## Flow
  [in_f_bonds,in_f_components,in_f_ports,N_f] = mtt_component_inputs \
      (name,comp_type,causality,"flow",comp_bonds,connections,cbg);


  ##Composite values
  N_ef = N_e + N_f;
  in_ef_bonds = [in_e_bonds; in_f_bonds];
  in_ef_components = [in_e_components; in_f_components];
  in_ef_ports = [in_e_ports; in_f_ports];
  in_causality = [ones(N_e,1); -ones(N_f,1)];

  ## Lists of signals relevant to this component
  outsig = [out_bond_number i_cause port];
  insigs = [in_ef_bonds in_causality in_ef_ports];
  innames = in_ef_components;

  if DEBUG
    outsig
    insigs
    innames
  endif
  
  ## Is the signal the output of a port?
  is_port_output = 0;			# Default
  if struct_contains (cbg, "ports")
    if struct_contains (cbg.ports,name)
      is_port_output = (outsig(2)!=insigs(1,2));
    endif
  endif
  
  if is_port_output
    ## Which port (number) is it?
    [N_ports,M_ports] = size(cbg.portlist);
    for i=1:N_ports
      if strcmp(deblank(cbg.portlist(i,:)), name)
	port_index = i;
	break;
      endif
    endfor

    ## File containing data structure
    NAME = mtt_subname(Name);
    Cbg_file = sprintf("%s_cbg",NAME);

    if (exist(Cbg_file)==0)
      error(sprintf("mtt_component_eqn: subsystem %s does not exist", NAME));
    endif
    
    ## System data structure
    Cbg = eval(sprintf("%s;", Cbg_file));
    
    
    ## And to which component (at higher level) is it connected?
    [new_Name,new_name] = mtt_subname(Name);
    port_bond = eval(sprintf("Cbg.subsystems.%s.connections(%i);", new_name, port_index));
    [in_name, in_port, in_bond] = mtt_other_end (new_name,port_bond,Cbg);

    ## Find its equation
    if DEBUG
      disp("----> higher level system")
    endif
    

    known = mtt_component_eqn (mtt_fullname(new_Name,in_name), in_port, causality, known);

    LHS = Source_seqn ("external",Name);
    RHS = varname(NAME, abs(in_bond), i_cause);
    eqn = sprintf("%s%s%s := %s;", LHS, SD, name, RHS);

    if !DEBUG
      comment = sprintf("%s PORT", CD);
      disp(sprintf("%s\n%s",comment, eqn));
    endif

  endif
  

  ## Handle special components
  if strcmp(comp_type,"0")||strcmp(comp_type,"1") # Junctions
    [eqn,insigs,innames] = junction_seqn (comp_type,Name, outsig, \
					  insigs, innames);
  else				# Everything else
    if exist(sprintf("%s_cause", comp_type)) # Simple component
      ## Do the equations
      [eqn,insigs,innames] = eval(sprintf("%s_seqn (Name, name, cr, arg, outsig, insigs, innames);", comp_type));
    else			# Compound component
      new_NAME = Name;
      new_Name = mtt_fullname(Name,name);
      new_name = "";
      
      ## File containing data structure
      Cbg_file = sprintf("%s_cbg",new_Name);

      if (exist(Cbg_file)==0)
	error(sprintf("mtt_component_eqn: subsystem %s does not exist", new_Name));
      endif
      
      ## System data structure
      Cbg = eval(sprintf("%s;", Cbg_file));
      port_name = Cbg.portlist(port,:);

      LHS = varname(Name, outsig(1,1), outsig(1,2));
      RHS = Sensor_seqn ("external",new_Name);
      eqn = sprintf("%s := %s%s%s;", LHS, RHS, SD, port_name);

      if DEBUG
	disp("----> same-level subsystem")
      endif

      [known] = mtt_component_eqn \
   	  (mtt_fullname(new_Name,new_name), port, causality, known);
      
    endif
  endif

  comment = \
      sprintf("%s Equation for %s signal on port %i of %s (%s), subsystem %s.", \
     	      CD, causality, port, name, comp_type, Name);

  if DEBUG
    disp(sprintf("%s\n%s",comment, eqn));
  endif
  
  is_external = mtt_is_external(comp_type,outsig, insigs, is_port_output);

  if !is_external
    ## Find the corresponding input equations
    [N_other,M_other] = size(insigs);
    for i = 1:N_other
      if insigs(i,2)==1
	other_causality = "effort";
      else
	other_causality = "flow";
      endif

      other_port = insigs(i,3);
      other_name = deblank(innames(i,:));
      if DEBUG
	disp("----> same-level component")
      endif
      

      [known] = mtt_component_eqn \
    	  (mtt_fullname(Name,other_name), other_port, other_causality, known);
    endfor
  endif

  ## Write this signal
  ##comment_2 = sprintf("Connected to:%s", in_component_list);
  if !DEBUG
    disp(sprintf("%s\n%s",comment, eqn));
  endif

endfunction

function [in_bonds,in_components,in_ports,N] = mtt_component_inputs \
      (name,comp_type, out_causality, causality,comp_bonds,bond_list,cbg)

  ## usage:  [in_bonds,in_components,in_ports,N] = mtt_component_inputs 
  ##      (name,comp_type, out_causality, causality,comp_bonds,bond_list,cbg)
  ##
  ## 


  ## Other causality representations  if strcmp(causality,"effort")
  if strcmp(causality,"effort")
    i_cause = 1;
    othercausality = "flow";
    index_cause = 1;
  elseif strcmp(causality,"flow")
    i_cause = -1;
    othercausality = "effort";
    index_cause = 2;
  else
    error(sprintf("mtt_component_eqn: causality %s invalid", causality));
  endif
  
  in_index = find(comp_bonds(:,index_cause)==i_cause);
  all_in_bonds = bond_list(in_index);
  N_all = length(all_in_bonds);

  ## What components are at the other ends of the in bonds?
  [in_components,in_ports,in_bonds] = mtt_other_end (name,all_in_bonds,cbg);
  N = length(in_bonds);
endfunction

function fullname = mtt_fullname (subname,compname)

  ## usage:  fullname = mtt_fullname (subname,compname)
  ##
  ## Finds the standard mtt name of the component

  delim = "__";
  fullname = sprintf("%s%s%s", subname, delim, compname);

endfunction

function is_external = mtt_is_external (comp_type,outsig, insigs, is_port)

  ## usage:  is_external = mtt_is_external (comp_type,outsig, insigs)
  ##
  ## 

  if nargin<4
    is_port = 0;
  endif

  is_external = 0;			# Default

  if strcmp(comp_type,"SS");
    is_external = insigs(1,2)!=outsig(2);
  else
    is_external = 0;
  endif

endfunction

function names = mtt_name2names (name)

  ## usage:  names = mtt_name2names (name)
  ##
  ## Converts standard mtt name to an array of subsystem names

  ## Copyright (C) 2003 by Peter J. Gawthrop

  delim ="__";			# MTT delimiter
  names = split(name,delim);

endfunction

function name = mtt_names2name (names)

  ## usage:  name = names2name (names)
  ##
  ## Converts array of subsystem names to a standard mtt name

  delim ="__";			# MTT delimiter

  [n,m] = size(names);
  name = deblank(names(1,:));

  for i = 2:n
    name = sprintf("%s%s%s", name, delim, deblank(names(i,:)));
  endfor

endfunction

function other = mtt_other_causality (causality)

  ## usage:  other = mtt_other_causality (causality)
  ##
  ## 

  causality = deblank(causality);
  if strcmp(causality,"effort");
    other = "flow";
  elseif strcmp(causality,"flow");
    other = "effort";
  elseif strcmp(causality,"e");
    other = "f";
  elseif strcmp(causality,"f");
    other = "e";
  else
    error(sprintf("Causality \"%s\" not recognised",causality));
  endif
  

endfunction

function [in_components,in_ports,in_bonds] = mtt_other_end (name,all_in_bonds,cbg);

  ## usage:  [in_components,in_ports,in_bonds] = mtt_other_end (name,all_in_bonds,cbg);
  ##
  ## 

  ## What components are at the other ends of the in bonds?
  in_components = "";
  in_ports = [];
  in_bonds = [];
  in_direction = [];
  for i = 1:length(all_in_bonds);
    for [component_structure, component] = cbg.subsystems
      if !strcmp(name,component)
	other_connections = component_structure.connections;
	one = ones(size(other_connections));
	port = find(abs(all_in_bonds(i))*one==abs(other_connections));
	if (length(port)==1)
	  in_components = [in_components; component];
	  in_bonds = [in_bonds; all_in_bonds(i)];
	  in_ports = [in_ports; port];
	endif
      endif
    endfor
  endfor

endfunction

function [subname, compname] = mtt_subname (name)

  ## usage:  subname = mtt_subname (name)
  ##
  ## Finds the subsystem name from the component name
  ## Copyright (C) 2003 by Peter J. Gawthrop


  names = mtt_name2names(name);
  [n,m] = size(names);

  if n<2			# Simple name
    subname = "";
    compname = name;
  else				# Compound name
    subname = mtt_names2name(names(1:n-1,:));
    compname = deblank(names(n,:));
  endif

endfunction