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        Package&nbsp;web2py ::
        <a href="web2py.gluon-module.html">Package&nbsp;gluon</a> ::
        Module&nbsp;validators
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<!-- ==================== MODULE DESCRIPTION ==================== -->
<h1 class="epydoc">Module validators</h1><span class="codelink"><a href="web2py.gluon.validators-pysrc.html">source&nbsp;code</a></span><br /><br />
<p>This file is part of the web2py Web Framework Copyrighted by Massimo 
  Di Pierro &lt;mdipierro@cs.depaul.edu&gt; License: LGPLv3 
  (http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html)</p>
  Thanks to ga2arch for help with IS_IN_DB and IS_NOT_IN_DB on GAE<br /><br />

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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.Validator-class.html" class="summary-name">Validator</a><br />
      Root for all validators, mainly for documentation purposes.
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_MATCH-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_MATCH</a><br />
      example:
    </td>
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      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
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        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_EQUAL_TO-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_EQUAL_TO</a><br />
      example:
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      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
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        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_EXPR-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_EXPR</a><br />
      example:
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_LENGTH-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_LENGTH</a><br />
      Checks if length of field's value fits between given 
        boundaries.
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
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        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_IN_SET-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_IN_SET</a><br />
      example:
    </td>
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      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
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        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_IN_DB-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_IN_DB</a><br />
      example:
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_NOT_IN_DB-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_NOT_IN_DB</a><br />
      example:
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_INT_IN_RANGE-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_INT_IN_RANGE</a><br />
      Determine that the argument is (or can be represented as) an 
        int, and that it falls within the specified range.
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_FLOAT_IN_RANGE-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_FLOAT_IN_RANGE</a><br />
      Determine that the argument is (or can be represented as) a 
        float, and that it falls within the specified inclusive range.
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_DECIMAL_IN_RANGE-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_DECIMAL_IN_RANGE</a><br />
      Determine that the argument is (or can be represented as) a 
        Python Decimal, and that it falls within the specified inclusive 
        range.
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_NOT_EMPTY-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_NOT_EMPTY</a><br />
      example:
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_ALPHANUMERIC-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_ALPHANUMERIC</a><br />
      example:
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_EMAIL-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_EMAIL</a><br />
      Checks if field's value is a valid email address.
    </td>
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      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_GENERIC_URL-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_GENERIC_URL</a><br />
      Rejects a URL string if any of the following is true:
   * The string is empty or None
   * The string uses characters that are not allowed in a URL
   * The URL scheme specified (if one is specified) is not valid

Based on RFC 2396: http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2396.html

This function only checks the URL's syntax.
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        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_HTTP_URL-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_HTTP_URL</a><br />
      Rejects a URL string if any of the following is true:
   * The string is empty or None
   * The string uses characters that are not allowed in a URL
   * The string breaks any of the HTTP syntactic rules
   * The URL scheme specified (if one is specified) is not 'http' or 'https'
   * The top-level domain (if a host name is specified) does not exist

Based on RFC 2616: http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2616.html

This function only checks the URL's syntax.
    </td>
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      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_URL-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_URL</a><br />
      Rejects a URL string if any of the following is true:
   * The string is empty or None
   * The string uses characters that are not allowed in a URL
   * The string breaks any of the HTTP syntactic rules
   * The URL scheme specified (if one is specified) is not 'http' or 'https'
   * The top-level domain (if a host name is specified) does not exist

(These rules are based on RFC 2616: http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2616.html)

This function only checks the URL's syntax.
    </td>
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      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_TIME-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_TIME</a><br />
      example:
    </td>
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      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
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        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_DATE-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_DATE</a><br />
      example:
    </td>
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      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
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        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_DATETIME-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_DATETIME</a><br />
      example:
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_DATE_IN_RANGE-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_DATE_IN_RANGE</a><br />
      example:
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_DATETIME_IN_RANGE-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_DATETIME_IN_RANGE</a><br />
      example:
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_LIST_OF-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_LIST_OF</a>
    </td>
  </tr>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_LOWER-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_LOWER</a><br />
      convert to lower case
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_UPPER-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_UPPER</a><br />
      convert to upper case
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_SLUG-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_SLUG</a><br />
      convert arbitrary text string to a slug
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_EMPTY_OR-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_EMPTY_OR</a><br />
      dummy class for testing IS_EMPTY_OR
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_EMPTY_OR-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_NULL_OR</a><br />
      dummy class for testing IS_EMPTY_OR
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.CLEANUP-class.html" class="summary-name">CLEANUP</a><br />
      example:
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.CRYPT-class.html" class="summary-name">CRYPT</a><br />
      example:
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_STRONG-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_STRONG</a><br />
      example:
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_IN_SUBSET-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_IN_SUBSET</a>
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_IMAGE-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_IMAGE</a><br />
      Checks if file uploaded through file input was saved in one of 
        selected image formats and has dimensions (width and height) within
        given boundaries.
    </td>
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    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_UPLOAD_FILENAME-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_UPLOAD_FILENAME</a><br />
      Checks if name and extension of file uploaded through file input matches
given criteria.
    </td>
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators.IS_IPV4-class.html" class="summary-name">IS_IPV4</a><br />
      Checks if field's value is an IP version 4 address in decimal form.
    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<!-- ==================== FUNCTIONS ==================== -->
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          <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="options_sorter"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">options_sorter</span>(<span class="summary-sig-arg">x</span>,
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            <span class="codelink"><a href="web2py.gluon.validators-pysrc.html#options_sorter">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
            
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          <td><span class="summary-sig"><a name="is_empty"></a><span class="summary-sig-name">is_empty</span>(<span class="summary-sig-arg">value</span>,
        <span class="summary-sig-arg">empty_regex</span>=<span class="summary-sig-default">1</span>)</span><br />
      test empty field</td>
          <td align="right" valign="top">
            <span class="codelink"><a href="web2py.gluon.validators-pysrc.html#is_empty">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
            
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        <tr>
          <td><span class="summary-sig"><a href="web2py.gluon.validators-module.html#escape_unicode" class="summary-sig-name">escape_unicode</a>(<span class="summary-sig-arg">string</span>)</span><br />
      Converts a unicode string into US-ASCII, using a simple conversion scheme.</td>
          <td align="right" valign="top">
            <span class="codelink"><a href="web2py.gluon.validators-pysrc.html#escape_unicode">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
            
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          <td><span class="summary-sig"><a href="web2py.gluon.validators-module.html#unicode_to_ascii_authority" class="summary-sig-name">unicode_to_ascii_authority</a>(<span class="summary-sig-arg">authority</span>)</span><br />
      Follows the steps in RFC 3490, Section 4 to convert a unicode authority
string into its ASCII equivalent.</td>
          <td align="right" valign="top">
            <span class="codelink"><a href="web2py.gluon.validators-pysrc.html#unicode_to_ascii_authority">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
            
          </td>
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      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
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          <td><span class="summary-sig"><a href="web2py.gluon.validators-module.html#unicode_to_ascii_url" class="summary-sig-name">unicode_to_ascii_url</a>(<span class="summary-sig-arg">url</span>,
        <span class="summary-sig-arg">prepend_scheme</span>)</span><br />
      Converts the inputed unicode url into a US-ASCII equivalent.</td>
          <td align="right" valign="top">
            <span class="codelink"><a href="web2py.gluon.validators-pysrc.html#unicode_to_ascii_url">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
            
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        <tr>
          <td><span class="summary-sig"><a href="web2py.gluon.validators-module.html#urlify" class="summary-sig-name">urlify</a>(<span class="summary-sig-arg">value</span>,
        <span class="summary-sig-arg">maxlen</span>=<span class="summary-sig-default">80</span>,
        <span class="summary-sig-arg">keep_underscores</span>=<span class="summary-sig-default">True</span>)</span><br />
      Convert incoming string to a simplified ASCII subset.</td>
          <td align="right" valign="top">
            <span class="codelink"><a href="web2py.gluon.validators-pysrc.html#urlify">source&nbsp;code</a></span>
            
          </td>
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<!-- ==================== VARIABLES ==================== -->
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</tr>
<tr class="private">
    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a name="regex1"></a><span class="summary-name">regex1</span> = <code title="re.compile(r'[\w_]+\.[\w_]+')">re.compile(r'<code class="re-group">[</code>\w_<code class="re-group">]</code><code class="re-op">+</code>\.<code class="re-group">[</code>\w_<code class="re-group">]</code><code class="re-op">+</code>')</code>
    </td>
  </tr>
<tr class="private">
    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a name="regex2"></a><span class="summary-name">regex2</span> = <code title="re.compile(r'%\((?P&lt;name&gt;[^\)]+)\)s')">re.compile(r'%\(<code class="re-group">(?P&lt;</code><code class="re-ref">name</code><code class="re-group">&gt;</code><code class="re-group">[^</code>\)<code class="re-group">]</code><code class="re-op">+</code><code class="re-group">)</code>\)s')</code>
    </td>
  </tr>
<tr class="private">
    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators-module.html#official_url_schemes" class="summary-name">official_url_schemes</a> = <code title="['aaa',
 'aaas',
 'acap',
 'cap',
 'cid',
 'crid',
 'data',
 'dav',
..."><code class="variable-group">[</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">aaa</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">aaas</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">acap</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">cap</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">cid</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-ellipsis">...</code></code>
    </td>
  </tr>
<tr class="private">
    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators-module.html#unofficial_url_schemes" class="summary-name">unofficial_url_schemes</a> = <code title="['about',
 'adiumxtra',
 'aim',
 'afp',
 'aw',
 'callto',
 'chrome',
 'cvs',
..."><code class="variable-group">[</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">about</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">adiumxtra</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">aim</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">afp</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-ellipsis">...</code></code>
    </td>
  </tr>
<tr class="private">
    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators-module.html#all_url_schemes" class="summary-name">all_url_schemes</a> = <code title="[None,
 'aaa',
 'aaas',
 'acap',
 'cap',
 'cid',
 'crid',
 'data',
..."><code class="variable-group">[</code>None<code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">aaa</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">aaas</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">acap</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">cap</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">cid</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-ellipsis">...</code></code>
    </td>
  </tr>
<tr class="private">
    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a name="http_schemes"></a><span class="summary-name">http_schemes</span> = <code title="[None, 'http', 'https']"><code class="variable-group">[</code>None<code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">http</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">https</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-group">]</code></code>
    </td>
  </tr>
<tr class="private">
    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators-module.html#url_split_regex" class="summary-name">url_split_regex</a> = <code title="re.compile(r'^(([^:/\?#]+):)?(//([^/\?#]*))?([^\?#]*)(\?([^#]*))?(#(.*\
))?')">re.compile(r'^<code class="re-group">(</code><code class="re-group">(</code><code class="re-group">[</code><code class="re-op">^</code>:/\?#<code class="re-group">]</code><code class="re-op">+</code><code class="re-group">)</code>:<code class="re-group">)</code><code class="re-op">?</code><code class="re-group">(</code>//<code class="re-group">(</code><code class="re-group">[</code><code class="re-op">^</code>/\?#<code class="re-group">]</code><code class="re-op">*</code><code class="re-group">)</code><code class="re-group">)</code><code class="re-op">?</code><code class="variable-ellipsis">...</code></code>
    </td>
  </tr>
<tr class="private">
    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a name="label_split_regex"></a><span class="summary-name">label_split_regex</span> = <code title="re.compile(r'[\.\u3002\uff0e\uff61]')">re.compile(r'<code class="re-group">[</code>\.\u3002\uff0e\uff61<code class="re-group">]</code>')</code>
    </td>
  </tr>
<tr class="private">
    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators-module.html#official_top_level_domains" class="summary-name">official_top_level_domains</a> = <code title="['ac',
 'ad',
 'ae',
 'aero',
 'af',
 'ag',
 'ai',
 'al',
..."><code class="variable-group">[</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">ac</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">ad</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">ae</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">aero</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">af</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">, </code><code class="variable-ellipsis">...</code></code>
    </td>
  </tr>
<tr class="private">
    <td width="15%" align="right" valign="top" class="summary">
      <span class="summary-type">&nbsp;</span>
    </td><td class="summary">
        <a href="web2py.gluon.validators-module.html#regex_time" class="summary-name">regex_time</a> = <code title="re.compile(r'((?P&lt;h&gt;[0-9]+))([^0-9 ]+(?P&lt;m&gt;[0-9 ]+))?([^0-9ap ]+(?P&lt;s&gt;\
[0-9]*))?((?P&lt;d&gt;[ap]m))?')">re.compile(r'<code class="re-group">(</code><code class="re-group">(?P&lt;</code><code class="re-ref">h</code><code class="re-group">&gt;</code><code class="re-group">[</code>0<code class="re-op">-</code>9<code class="re-group">]</code><code class="re-op">+</code><code class="re-group">)</code><code class="re-group">)</code><code class="re-group">(</code><code class="re-group">[</code><code class="re-op">^</code>0<code class="re-op">-</code>9 <code class="re-group">]</code><code class="re-op">+</code><code class="re-group">(?P&lt;</code><code class="re-ref">m</code><code class="re-group">&gt;</code><code class="re-group">[</code>0<code class="re-op">-</code>9 <code class="re-group">]</code><code class="variable-ellipsis">...</code></code>
    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<!-- ==================== FUNCTION DETAILS ==================== -->
<a name="section-FunctionDetails"></a>
<table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
       cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
<tr bgcolor="#70b0f0" class="table-header">
  <td colspan="2" class="table-header">
    <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
      <tr valign="top">
        <td align="left"><span class="table-header">Function Details</span></td>
        <td align="right" valign="top"
         ><span class="options">[<a href="#section-FunctionDetails"
         class="privatelink" onclick="toggle_private();"
         >hide private</a>]</span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
  </td>
</tr>
</table>
<a name="escape_unicode"></a>
<div class="private">
<table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
       cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
<tr><td>
  <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
  <tr valign="top"><td>
  <h3 class="epydoc"><span class="sig"><span class="sig-name">escape_unicode</span>(<span class="sig-arg">string</span>)</span>
  </h3>
  </td><td align="right" valign="top"
    ><span class="codelink"><a href="web2py.gluon.validators-pysrc.html#escape_unicode">source&nbsp;code</a></span>&nbsp;
    </td>
  </table>
  
  <pre class="literalblock">

Converts a unicode string into US-ASCII, using a simple conversion scheme.
Each unicode character that does not have a US-ASCII equivalent is
converted into a URL escaped form based on its hexadecimal value.
For example, the unicode character '\u4e86' will become the string '%4e%86'

:param string: unicode string, the unicode string to convert into an
    escaped US-ASCII form
:returns: the US-ASCII escaped form of the inputted string
:rtype: string

@author: Jonathan Benn

</pre>
  <dl class="fields">
  </dl>
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<a name="unicode_to_ascii_authority"></a>
<div class="private">
<table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
       cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
<tr><td>
  <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
  <tr valign="top"><td>
  <h3 class="epydoc"><span class="sig"><span class="sig-name">unicode_to_ascii_authority</span>(<span class="sig-arg">authority</span>)</span>
  </h3>
  </td><td align="right" valign="top"
    ><span class="codelink"><a href="web2py.gluon.validators-pysrc.html#unicode_to_ascii_authority">source&nbsp;code</a></span>&nbsp;
    </td>
  </table>
  
  <pre class="literalblock">

Follows the steps in RFC 3490, Section 4 to convert a unicode authority
string into its ASCII equivalent.
For example, u'www.Alliancefran&#231;aise.nu' will be converted into
'www.xn--alliancefranaise-npb.nu'

:param authority: unicode string, the URL authority component to convert,
                  e.g. u'www.Alliancefran&#231;aise.nu'
:returns: the US-ASCII character equivalent to the inputed authority,
         e.g. 'www.xn--alliancefranaise-npb.nu'
:rtype: string
:raises Exception: if the function is not able to convert the inputed
    authority

@author: Jonathan Benn

</pre>
  <dl class="fields">
  </dl>
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<a name="unicode_to_ascii_url"></a>
<div class="private">
<table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
       cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
<tr><td>
  <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
  <tr valign="top"><td>
  <h3 class="epydoc"><span class="sig"><span class="sig-name">unicode_to_ascii_url</span>(<span class="sig-arg">url</span>,
        <span class="sig-arg">prepend_scheme</span>)</span>
  </h3>
  </td><td align="right" valign="top"
    ><span class="codelink"><a href="web2py.gluon.validators-pysrc.html#unicode_to_ascii_url">source&nbsp;code</a></span>&nbsp;
    </td>
  </table>
  
  <pre class="literalblock">

Converts the inputed unicode url into a US-ASCII equivalent. This function
goes a little beyond RFC 3490, which is limited in scope to the domain name
(authority) only. Here, the functionality is expanded to what was observed
on Wikipedia on 2009-Jan-22:

   Component    Can Use Unicode?
   ---------    ----------------
   scheme       No
   authority    Yes
   path         Yes
   query        Yes
   fragment     No

The authority component gets converted to punycode, but occurrences of
unicode in other components get converted into a pair of URI escapes (we
assume 4-byte unicode). E.g. the unicode character U+4E2D will be
converted into '%4E%2D'. Testing with Firefox v3.0.5 has shown that it can
understand this kind of URI encoding.

:param url: unicode string, the URL to convert from unicode into US-ASCII
:param prepend_scheme: string, a protocol scheme to prepend to the URL if
    we're having trouble parsing it.
    e.g. &quot;http&quot;. Input None to disable this functionality
:returns: a US-ASCII equivalent of the inputed url
:rtype: string

@author: Jonathan Benn

</pre>
  <dl class="fields">
  </dl>
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<a name="urlify"></a>
<div class="private">
<table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
       cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
<tr><td>
  <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
  <tr valign="top"><td>
  <h3 class="epydoc"><span class="sig"><span class="sig-name">urlify</span>(<span class="sig-arg">value</span>,
        <span class="sig-arg">maxlen</span>=<span class="sig-default">80</span>,
        <span class="sig-arg">keep_underscores</span>=<span class="sig-default">True</span>)</span>
  </h3>
  </td><td align="right" valign="top"
    ><span class="codelink"><a href="web2py.gluon.validators-pysrc.html#urlify">source&nbsp;code</a></span>&nbsp;
    </td>
  </table>
  
  Convert incoming string to a simplified ASCII subset. if 
  (keep_underscores): underscores are retained in the string else: 
  underscores are translated to hyphens (default)
  <dl class="fields">
  </dl>
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<br />
<!-- ==================== VARIABLES DETAILS ==================== -->
<a name="section-VariablesDetails"></a>
<table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
       cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
<tr bgcolor="#70b0f0" class="table-header">
  <td colspan="2" class="table-header">
    <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
      <tr valign="top">
        <td align="left"><span class="table-header">Variables Details</span></td>
        <td align="right" valign="top"
         ><span class="options">[<a href="#section-VariablesDetails"
         class="privatelink" onclick="toggle_private();"
         >hide private</a>]</span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
  </td>
</tr>
</table>
<a name="official_url_schemes"></a>
<div class="private">
<table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
       cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
<tr><td>
  <h3 class="epydoc">official_url_schemes</h3>
  
  <dl class="fields">
  </dl>
  <dl class="fields">
    <dt>Value:</dt>
      <dd><table><tr><td><pre class="variable">
<code class="variable-group">[</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">aaa</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">aaas</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">acap</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">cap</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">cid</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">crid</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">data</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">dav</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
<code class="variable-ellipsis">...</code>
</pre></td></tr></table>
</dd>
  </dl>
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<a name="unofficial_url_schemes"></a>
<div class="private">
<table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
       cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
<tr><td>
  <h3 class="epydoc">unofficial_url_schemes</h3>
  
  <dl class="fields">
  </dl>
  <dl class="fields">
    <dt>Value:</dt>
      <dd><table><tr><td><pre class="variable">
<code class="variable-group">[</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">about</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">adiumxtra</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">aim</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">afp</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">aw</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">callto</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">chrome</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">cvs</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
<code class="variable-ellipsis">...</code>
</pre></td></tr></table>
</dd>
  </dl>
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<a name="all_url_schemes"></a>
<div class="private">
<table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
       cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
<tr><td>
  <h3 class="epydoc">all_url_schemes</h3>
  
  <dl class="fields">
  </dl>
  <dl class="fields">
    <dt>Value:</dt>
      <dd><table><tr><td><pre class="variable">
<code class="variable-group">[</code>None<code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">aaa</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">aaas</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">acap</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">cap</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">cid</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">crid</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">data</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
<code class="variable-ellipsis">...</code>
</pre></td></tr></table>
</dd>
  </dl>
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<a name="url_split_regex"></a>
<div class="private">
<table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
       cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
<tr><td>
  <h3 class="epydoc">url_split_regex</h3>
  
  <dl class="fields">
  </dl>
  <dl class="fields">
    <dt>Value:</dt>
      <dd><table><tr><td><pre class="variable">
re.compile(r'^<code class="re-group">(</code><code class="re-group">(</code><code class="re-group">[</code><code class="re-op">^</code>:/\?#<code class="re-group">]</code><code class="re-op">+</code><code class="re-group">)</code>:<code class="re-group">)</code><code class="re-op">?</code><code class="re-group">(</code>//<code class="re-group">(</code><code class="re-group">[</code><code class="re-op">^</code>/\?#<code class="re-group">]</code><code class="re-op">*</code><code class="re-group">)</code><code class="re-group">)</code><code class="re-op">?</code><code class="re-group">(</code><code class="re-group">[</code><code class="re-op">^</code>\?#<code class="re-group">]</code><code class="re-op">*</code><code class="re-group">)</code><code class="re-group">(</code>\?<code class="re-group">(</code><code class="re-group">[^</code>#<code class="re-group">]</code><code class="re-op">*</code><code class="re-group">)</code><code class="re-group">)</code><code class="re-op">?</code><code class="re-group">(</code>#<code class="re-group">(</code>.<code class="re-op">*</code><code class="re-group"></code><span class="variable-linewrap"><img src="crarr.png" alt="\" /></span>
<code class="re-group">)</code><code class="re-group">)</code><code class="re-op">?</code>')
</pre></td></tr></table>
</dd>
  </dl>
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<a name="official_top_level_domains"></a>
<div class="private">
<table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
       cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
<tr><td>
  <h3 class="epydoc">official_top_level_domains</h3>
  
  <dl class="fields">
  </dl>
  <dl class="fields">
    <dt>Value:</dt>
      <dd><table><tr><td><pre class="variable">
<code class="variable-group">[</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">ac</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">ad</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">ae</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">aero</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">af</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">ag</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">ai</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
 <code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-string">al</code><code class="variable-quote">'</code><code class="variable-op">,</code>
<code class="variable-ellipsis">...</code>
</pre></td></tr></table>
</dd>
  </dl>
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<a name="regex_time"></a>
<div class="private">
<table class="details" border="1" cellpadding="3"
       cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="white">
<tr><td>
  <h3 class="epydoc">regex_time</h3>
  
  <dl class="fields">
  </dl>
  <dl class="fields">
    <dt>Value:</dt>
      <dd><table><tr><td><pre class="variable">
re.compile(r'<code class="re-group">(</code><code class="re-group">(?P&lt;</code><code class="re-ref">h</code><code class="re-group">&gt;</code><code class="re-group">[</code>0<code class="re-op">-</code>9<code class="re-group">]</code><code class="re-op">+</code><code class="re-group">)</code><code class="re-group">)</code><code class="re-group">(</code><code class="re-group">[</code><code class="re-op">^</code>0<code class="re-op">-</code>9 <code class="re-group">]</code><code class="re-op">+</code><code class="re-group">(?P&lt;</code><code class="re-ref">m</code><code class="re-group">&gt;</code><code class="re-group">[</code>0<code class="re-op">-</code>9 <code class="re-group">]</code><code class="re-op">+</code><code class="re-group">)</code><code class="re-group">)</code><code class="re-op">?</code><code class="re-group">(</code><code class="re-group">[</code><code class="re-op">^</code>0<code class="re-op">-</code>9ap <code class="re-group">]</code><code class="re-op">+</code><code class="re-group">(?P&lt;</code><code class="re-ref">s</code><code class="re-group">&gt;</code><code class="re-group"></code><span class="variable-linewrap"><img src="crarr.png" alt="\" /></span>
<code class="re-group">[</code>0<code class="re-op">-</code>9<code class="re-group">]</code><code class="re-op">*</code><code class="re-group">)</code><code class="re-group">)</code><code class="re-op">?</code><code class="re-group">(</code><code class="re-group">(?P&lt;</code><code class="re-ref">d</code><code class="re-group">&gt;</code><code class="re-group">[</code>ap<code class="re-group">]</code>m<code class="re-group">)</code><code class="re-group">)</code><code class="re-op">?</code>')
</pre></td></tr></table>
</dd>
  </dl>
</td></tr></table>
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